Scaling-up the use of chili fences for reducing human-elephant conflict across landscapes in Tanzania
Scaling-up the use of chili fences for reducing human-elephant conflict across landscapes in Tanzania
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/194008291600900220
复制
发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Olson, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang'a, Alex;de Souza, Nick;Olson, David
非洲象（Loxodonta africana）袭击坦桑尼亚国家公园周围的作物，威胁农民的生命和生计，从而助长了当地对野生动物的负面态度。因此，当地社区往往默许偷猎，大象遭受报复性中毒或伤害，或被狩猎管理员作为“问题动物”射杀。人象冲突（HEC）正在增长，因为仍然有大象的荒地，特别是在国家公园，保护区和野生动物走廊周围，越来越多地被解决。剑麻线栅栏浸泡在机油混合辣椒（辣椒属）。可以阻止大象进入围栏。在过去的九年里，坦桑尼亚米库米国家公园周围的农民一直在成熟的农作物周围建造这些围栏，并且没有发生围栏被大象打破的事件。社区组织通过乡村小额信贷协会管理成员的储蓄，帮助确保支付材料和围栏建造费用。通过农民与农民之间的交流，农民团队展示了支持该项目所需的栅栏和社区组织，辣椒栅栏正在迅速普及。我们认为，促进辣椒围栏的使用，再加上支持社区组织，作为社区和政府计划和预算中的最佳实践，将有助于减少对HEC补偿的需求，保护生计，赋予农村妇女权力，增加农村农民的粮食安全，并帮助保护大象。
Elephants (Loxodonta africana) raiding crops around Tanzanian national parks threaten farmers' lives and livelihoods, thus contributing to negative local attitudes towards wildlife. As a result, there is often tacit support for poaching among local communities, and elephants suffer through reprisal poisoning or wounding or through being shot as 'problem animals' by game wardens. Human-elephant conflict (HEC) is growing as the wildlands that still have elephants, especially around national parks, reserves, and wildlife corridors, are increasingly being settled. Sisal string fences soaked in engine oil mixed with ground chili (Capsicum spp.) can dissuade elephants from entering fenced fields. For the last nine years, farmers around Mikumi National Park in Tanzania have been constructing these fences around ripening crops, and there have been no incidents of fences being broken by elephants. Community-based organizations (CBOs) that manage members' savings through village micro-credit associations help ensure the costs of materials and fence construction are met. Chili fences are rapidly becoming widespread, facilitated through farmer-to-farmer exchanges where teams of farmers demonstrate both the fences and the CBOs needed to support the project. We argue that promoting the use of chili fences, coupled with supporting CBOs, as a best practice within communities and government programs and budgets, will help reduce the need for HEC compensation, protect livelihoods, empower rural women, increase the food security of rural farmers, and help conserve elephants.