A NOVEL COMPARATIVE METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING SHIFTS IN THE RATE OF CHARACTER EVOLUTION ON TREES
A NOVEL COMPARATIVE METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING SHIFTS IN THE RATE OF CHARACTER EVOLUTION ON TREES
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01401.x
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Harmon, Luke J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eastman, Jonathan M.;Alfaro, Michael E.;Harmon, Luke J.
自达尔文以来，进化生物学家一直着迷于不同谱系之间特征进化变化速度的差异。尽管有这种持续的兴趣，我们仍然缺乏在适应进化过程中的不确定性的同时，确定生命之树上进化速率变化的方法。本文介绍了一种贝叶斯方法来识别连续性状进化中的复杂模式。该方法（auteur）使用可逆跳跃马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗采样来更充分地表征性状进化的复杂性，考虑到复杂程度的模型，从具有单一全局速率的模型到树中的每个分支都有自己独立速率的模型。这种新引入的方法在恢复接近比较系统发育研究（即=64提示）典型大小的数据集的模拟速率偏移和模拟速率方面表现良好。对两个大型脊椎动物体型数据集的分析揭示了多速率进化模型的压倒性支持，我们观察到一群龟的体型进化速度相对于它们的进化背景来说异常高。Auteur将有助于识别特殊的进化动力学，这对适应性辐射和停滞的研究至关重要。
Evolutionary biologists since Darwin have been fascinated by differences in the rate of trait-evolutionary change across lineages. Despite this continued interest, we still lack methods for identifying shifts in evolutionary rates on the growing tree of life while accommodating uncertainty in the evolutionary process. Here we introduce a Bayesian approach for identifying complex patterns in the evolution of continuous traits. The method (auteur) uses reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling to more fully characterize the complexity of trait evolution, considering models that range in complexity from those with a single global rate to potentially ones in which each branch in the tree has its own independent rate. This newly introduced approach performs well in recovering simulated rate shifts and simulated rates for datasets nearing the size typical for comparative phylogenetic study (i.e., =64 tips). Analysis of two large empirical datasets of vertebrate body size reveal overwhelming support for multiple-rate models of evolution, and we observe exceptionally high rates of body-size evolution in a group of emydid turtles relative to their evolutionary background. auteur will facilitate identification of exceptional evolutionary dynamics, essential to the study of both adaptive radiation and stasis.