Doing being middle-class in the global South: comparative perspectives and conceptual challenges
Doing being middle-class in the global South: comparative perspectives and conceptual challenges
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成为南半球中产阶级：比较视角和概念挑战
DOI：
10.1017/s0001972020000029
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
C. Lentz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Lentz
像历史和社会科学中的许多关键术语一样，“中产阶级”在罗杰斯·布鲁贝克（Rogers Brubaker）和弗雷德里克·库珀（Frederick Cooper）的术语中既是“社会和政治分析”的范畴，又是“社会和政治实践”的范畴--这两个方面过去和现在都以复杂的方式纠缠在一起。自十八世纪末以来，“中产阶级”或“中等阶层”一词一直是政治话语中的流行语，而且早在学者们以任何系统的方式定义它之前，它就已经成为一个流行语。然而，一旦它成为一种或多或少已经确立的概念性研究工具，它就开始拥有自己的学术生命，学者们也用它来描述那些没有引用这一类别来自我描述的人。但学术术语也可以--而且确实如此--反馈到民间对社会分层的理解中。特别是，“中产阶级”一词最近在全球范围内的流行似乎至少在一定程度上是政策制定者对学术类别的挪用。本文通过追溯阶级理论观点的谱系，概述欧美中产阶级历史研究的一些发现以及最近对全球南方中产阶级的研究，为非洲中产阶级的讨论做出了贡献。我讨论了关于中产阶级的学术争论的历史，以及实证研究告诉我们的关于人们有争议的自我分类的情况，以及他们对中产阶级的理解和实践如何随着时间的推移而变化。文章认为，未来的研究非洲社会分层的动态有很大的收获，从区域和历史的比较角度来看。
Abstract Like many key terms in history and the social sciences, ‘middle class’ is at once a category ‘of social and political analysis’ and a category ‘of social and political practice’, in Rogers Brubaker and Frederick Cooper's terms – two aspects that were, and continue to be, entangled in complex ways. Since the end of the eighteenth century, the term ‘middle class’, or the ‘middling sorts’, has been a catchword in political discourse, and it became one long before scholars defined it in any systematic fashion. Once it became a more or less well-established conceptual tool of research, however, it began to take on an academic life of its own, with scholars also using it to describe people who did not invoke this category for their own self-description. But scholarly terms could – and indeed did – also feed back into folk understandings of social stratification. In particular, the recent global popularity of the term ‘middle class’ seems to be at least in part a result of the appropriation of academic categories by policymakers. This article contributes to the discussion on African middle classes by tracing the genealogy of theoretical perspectives on class and by outlining some findings from studies of the history of European and American middle classes as well as recent research on middle classes in the global South. I discuss both the history of scholarly debates on the middle classes and what empirical studies tell us about people's contested self-categorizations, and how their understandings and practices of being middle-class have changed over time. The article argues that future research on the dynamics of African social stratification has much to gain from a regional and historical comparative perspective.
简介：分层还是剥削、统治、剥夺和贬值？
DOI：
10.1111/1467-954x.12297
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
The Sociological Review
影响因子：
--
作者：
Skeggs B
通讯作者：
Skeggs B