The roles of metal ions in regulation by riboswitches.
The roles of metal ions in regulation by riboswitches.
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DOI：
10.1039/9781849732512-00141
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Winkler WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ferré-D'Amaré AR;Winkler WC
所有生物体都需要金属离子来执行一系列基本的分子功能。它们在许多催化机制和结构特性中发挥着关键作用。离子的适当稳态至关重要；异常低或高的水平对细胞生理学有害。为了维持稳定的细胞内池，金属离子感应调节（金属调节）蛋白将金属离子浓度波动与编码阳离子转运或隔离的基因表达结合起来。然而，这些基于转录的调控策略并不是生物体协调金属离子与基因表达的唯一机制。有趣的是，几类信号响应 RNA 元件也被发现具有金属调节剂的功能。这表明基于 RNA 的调控策略可以精确调整到细胞内金属离子库，其功能类似于金属调控蛋白。除了这些金属感应调节 RNA 之外，金属离子在直接协助其他信号响应调节 RNA 元件的结构完整性方面也发挥着更广泛的作用。在本章中，我们讨论金属离子和核酸之间密切的物理化学关系对于金属离子和代谢物传感调节 RNA 的结构和功能有何重要意义。
Metal ions are required by all organisms in order to execute an array of essential molecular functions. They play a critical role in many catalytic mechanisms and structural properties. Proper homeostasis of ions is critical; levels that are aberrantly low or high are deleterious to cellular physiology. To maintain stable intracellular pools, metal ion-sensing regulatory (metalloregulatory) proteins couple metal ion concentration fluctuations with expression of genes encoding for cation transport or sequestration. However, these transcriptional-based regulatory strategies are not the only mechanisms by which organisms coordinate metal ions with gene expression. Intriguingly, a few classes of signal-responsive RNA elements have also been discovered to function as metalloregulatory agents. This suggests that RNA-based regulatory strategies can be precisely tuned to intracellular metal ion pools, functionally akin to metalloregulatory proteins. In addition to these metal-sensing regulatory RNAs, there is a yet broader role for metal ions in directly assisting the structural integrity of other signal-responsive regulatory RNA elements. In this chapter, we discuss how the intimate physicochemical relationship between metal ions and nucleic acids is important for the structure and function of metal ion- and metabolite-sensing regulatory RNAs.