Hydraulic jump dynamics above supercell thunderstorms
Hydraulic jump dynamics above supercell thunderstorms
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abh3857
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发表时间：
2021-09-10
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Halbert, Kelton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Neill, Morgan E.;Orf, Leigh;Halbert, Kelton
最强大的超级电池雷暴通常具有高于Anvil cirrus Plume（AACP），它是下层平流层中的冰和水蒸气的羽流，在超过深度对流的Lee中发生环境平流层流的下风。平流层的AACP - 原始水合在臭氧破坏和表面变暖中的作用较差。在这项研究中，我们使用雷达观测值证实的大型涡流模拟来了解AACP产生的物理。我们表明，模拟超级电池的过度旋转顶部可以充当地形障碍物，并在对流层面的下游下游液压跳跃，类似于沿着山的斜坡向下移动，但没有坚实的地形。一旦建立了跳跃，水蒸气深入平流层可能会超过每秒7吨。
The strongest supercell thunderstorms typically feature an above-anvil cirrus plume (AACP), which is a plume of ice and water vapor in the lower stratosphere that occurs downwind of the ambient stratospheric flow in the lee of overshooting deep convection. AACP-origin hydration of the stratosphere has a poorly constrained role in ozone destruction and surface warming. In this study, we use large eddy simulations corroborated by radar observations to understand the physics of AACP generation. We show that the overshooting top of a simulated supercell can act as a topographic obstacle and drive a hydraulic jump downstream at the tropopause, similar to a windstorm moving down the slope of a mountain but without solid topography. Once the jump is established, water vapor injection deep into the stratosphere may exceed 7 tonnes per second.