Nutritional Status and Effect of Maternal Employment among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Wolayta Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Nutritional Status and Effect of Maternal Employment among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Wolayta Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
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DOI：
10.4314/ejhs.v27i2.8
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Tesheme, Tesfalem
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eshete, Hiwot;Abebe, Yewelsew;Tesheme, Tesfalem
背景：儿童营养不良在世界许多地区仍然很普遍；全世界5岁以下儿童发育迟缓、体重不足和消瘦的比例分别为24.7%、15.1%和7.8%。发展中国家有超过1.5亿5岁以下儿童营养不良。埃塞俄比亚是撒哈拉以南非洲地区营养不良率最高的国家之一。在埃塞俄比亚，五岁以下儿童发育迟缓和消瘦的比例分别为44.4%和9.7%。本研究旨在评估6-59月龄儿童的营养状况及其对母亲就业的影响。方法：在埃塞俄比亚南部Wolayta Sodo镇进行了一项横断面研究。评估了社会人口统计学特征、母亲的儿童喂养和求医实践以及儿童的人体测量状况。采用概率与大小成比例的抽样方法，选取316名育有6-59个月子女的母亲为样本。这项研究得到了哈瓦萨大学健康科学学院机构审查委员会的伦理批准。结果：总体结果显示，发育迟缓患病率为22.2%，其中就业母亲和失业母亲的儿童发育迟缓患病率分别为21.8%和22.6%。母亲有工作的子女体重低于年龄的比例为10.8%，母亲没有工作的子女体重低于年龄的比例为13.4%。在职母亲和失业母亲的子女消瘦率分别为8.8%和10.8%。母亲就业与其子女营养状况之间没有统计学上的显著关联。然而，慢性营养不良（发育迟缓）受到受教育母亲（OR: 0.37）、24-59个月儿童年龄组（OR: 0.36）和家庭第五财富五分位数（OR: 0.28）的影响。结论：儿童发育迟缓发生率低。发育迟缓是研究地区的一个公共健康问题。此外，发育迟缓受母亲教育程度、家庭财富和儿童年龄的显著影响。然而，母亲就业与儿童营养状况没有统计学上的联系。因此，营养干预举措应侧重于改善家庭粮食安全、孕产妇教育和农业多样化。
BACKGROUND: Childhood malnutrition remains common in many parts of the world; the magnitude of worldwide stunting, underweight and wasting in children under five years of age were 24.7 %, 15.1 % and 7.8 %, respectively. More than 150 million children under the age of five years in the developing world are malnourished. Ethiopia is one of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa with the highest rates of malnutrition. In Ethiopia, 44.4% and 9.7% of children under-five years old were stunted and wasted, respectively. This study was aimed to assess nutritional status and effect of maternal employment among children aged 6-59 months.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wolayta Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia. Socio-demographic characteristics, child feeding and healthcare seeking practice of mothers, and child's anthropometric status were assessed. Probability proportional to size sampling approach was used to select a sample of 316 mothers having children aged 6-59 months. The study was ethically approved by Institutional Review Board of Health Science College, Hawasa University.RESULT: The overall result revealed that the prevalence of stunting was 22.2%, of which 21.8% and 22.6% were in children of employed and unemployed mothers, respectively. Low-weight-for age was 10.8% for children of employed mothers and 13.4% for children of unemployed mothers. Wasting was 8.8% and 10.8% for children of employed and unemployed mothers, respectively. There was no statistically significant association between maternal employment and nutritional status of their children. However, chronic malnutrition (stunting) was influenced by being educated mother (OR: 0.37) child age group of 24-59 months (OR: 0.36) and households' fifth wealth quintile (OR: 0.28).CONCLUSION: Low prevalence of stunting was observed. Stunting is a public health concern in the study area. Furthermore, stunting is significantly influenced by mothers' education, household wealth and child age. However, maternal employment was not statistically associated with child nutritional status. Thus, nutritional intervention initiatives should focus on improving household food security, maternal education and agricultural diversification.