Untangling the Impacts of Climate Change on Waterborne Diseases: a Systematic Review of Relationships between Diarrheal Diseases and Temperature, Rainfall, Flooding, and Drought.
Untangling the Impacts of Climate Change on Waterborne Diseases: a Systematic Review of Relationships between Diarrheal Diseases and Temperature, Rainfall, Flooding, and Drought.
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.5b06186
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发表时间：
2016-05-17
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Carlton EJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levy K;Woster AP;Goldstein RS;Carlton EJ
全球气候变化预计会影响水源性肠道疾病，但迄今为止，还没有对流行病学文献进行全面、系统的综述来研究气象条件与腹泻病之间的关系。我们检索了 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Collection，以查找描述腹泻病与预计会随着气候变化而增加的四种气象条件（环境温度、强降雨、干旱和洪水）之间关系的研究。我们根据多样化、多学科的证据基础，综合了达成一致的关键领域，并评估了这些发现的生物学合理性。我们确定了 141 篇符合纳入标准的文章。达成一致的关键领域包括环境温度与腹泻疾病（病毒性腹泻除外）之间存在正相关关系；强降雨和洪水事件后腹泻病增加。没有足够的证据来评估干旱对腹泻的影响。有证据支持这些关联的生物学合理性，但发表偏倚是一个持续存在的问题。未来的研究评估改善水和/或卫生设施等干预措施是否可以改变风险，将进一步了解气候变化对腹泻病的潜在影响，并有助于确定适应措施的优先顺序。
Global climate change is expected to affect waterborne enteric diseases, yet to date there has been no comprehensive, systematic review of the epidemiological literature examining the relationship between meteorological conditions and diarrheal diseases. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Collection for studies describing the relationship between diarrheal diseases and four meteorological conditions that are expected to increase with climate change: ambient temperature, heavy rainfall, drought, and flooding. We synthesized key areas of agreement and evaluated the biological plausibility of these findings, drawing from a diverse, multidisciplinary evidence base. We identified 141 articles that met our inclusion criteria. Key areas of agreement include a positive association between ambient temperature and diarrheal diseases, with the exception of viral diarrhea; and an increase in diarrheal disease following heavy rainfall and flooding events. Insufficient evidence was available to evaluate the effects of drought on diarrhea. There is evidence to support the biological plausibility of these associations, but publication bias is an ongoing concern. Future research evaluating whether interventions, such as improved water and/or sanitation access, modify risk would further our understanding of the potential impacts of climate change on diarrheal diseases and aid in the prioritization of adaptation measures.