Five roles for using theory and evidence in the design and testing of behavior change interventions
Five roles for using theory and evidence in the design and testing of behavior change interventions
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00223.x
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Mullen, Patricia Dolan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bartholomew, L. Kay;Mullen, Patricia Dolan
目的：在健康相关行为改变领域的流行智慧是，精心设计和有效的干预措施是由理论指导的。方法：使用干预映射的框架，我们描述并提供了调查人员如何有效地选择和使用理论来设计，测试和报告干预措施的例子。结果：我们提出了理论和理论证据的五个角色：a）识别与特定健康问题相关的行为和行为决定因素（即，问题的逻辑模型）; B）解释包括用于产生感兴趣的行为的变化的理论构造的因果模型（即，的逻辑模型的变化）; c）选择干预方法和交付的实际应用，以实现健康行为的变化; d）评估所产生的干预，包括理论中介变量;和e）报告的干预的活性成分与evaluation results.Conclusions：在问题驱动的应用行为或社会科学，研究人员使用一个或多个理论，经验证据，和新的研究，既评估问题，解决或预防问题。此外，描述问题的理论可能与解决问题的理论不同。在应用方法中，主要重点是解决有关健康行为改变和改善健康结果的问题，成功的标准是根据问题而不是理论制定的。由此产生的理论发展的贡献可能是非常有用的，但他们是外围的解决问题的过程。
Objective:The prevailing wisdom in the field of health-related behavior change is that well-designed and effective interventions are guided by theory.Methods:Using the framework of intervention mapping, we describe and provide examples of how investigators can effectively select and use theory to design, test, and report interventions.Results:We propose five roles for theory and evidence about theories: a) identification of behavior and determinants of behavior related to a specified health problem (i.e., the logic model of the problem); b) explication of a causal model that includes theoretical constructs for producing change in the behavior of interest (i.e., the logic model of change); c) selection of intervention methods and delivery of practical applications to achieve changes in health behavior; d) evaluation of the resulting intervention including theoretical mediating variables; and e) reporting of the active ingredients of the intervention together with the evaluation results.Conclusions:In problem-driven applied behavioral or social science, researchers use one or multiple theories, empiric evidence, and new research, both to assess a problem and to solve or prevent a problem. Furthermore, the theories for description of the problem may differ from the theories for its solution. In an applied approach, the main focus is on solving problems regarding health behavior change and improvement of health outcomes, and the criteria for success are formulated in terms of the problem rather than the theory. Resulting contributions to theory development may be quite useful, but they are peripheral to the problem-solving process.