Common neural code for reward and information value
Common neural code for reward and information value
复制标题
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1820145116
复制
发表时间：
2019-06-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hsu, Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kobayashi, Kenji;Hsu, Ming
适应性信息寻求对目标导向行为至关重要。越来越多的证据表明，内在动机的重要性，如好奇心或新奇的需要，通过多巴胺能评价系统介导，在驱动信息寻求行为。然而，当代理人需要以前瞻性的方式评估信息的工具效益时，为信息本身而估价信息可能是非常次优的。在这里，我们表明，人类的信息寻求行为是由主观价值驱动的，主观价值是由工具和非工具动机塑造的，这种信息的主观价值（SVOI）与更基本的奖励价值共享一个共同的神经代码。具体来说，使用的任务，受试者可以购买信息，以减少不确定性的结果的货币彩票，我们发现信息购买决策可以捕获的计算模型SVOI纳入效用的预期，一种形式的非工具动机的信息寻求，除了工具的好处。在神经方面，SVOI的试验变化与纹状体和腹内侧前额叶皮层的活动相关。此外，跨类别解码显示，在这些地区，SVOI和预期效用的彩票表示使用一个共同的代码。这些发现为共同货币假说提供了支持，并揭示了信息寻求行为背后的神经认知机制。
Adaptive information seeking is critical for goal-directed behavior. Growing evidence suggests the importance of intrinsic motives such as curiosity or need for novelty, mediated through dopaminergic valuation systems, in driving information-seeking behavior. However, valuing information for its own sake can be highly suboptimal when agents need to evaluate instrumental benefit of information in a forward-looking manner. Here we show that information-seeking behavior in humans is driven by subjective value that is shaped by both instrumental and noninstrumental motives, and that this subjective value of information (SVOI) shares a common neural code with more basic reward value. Specifically, using a task where subjects could purchase information to reduce uncertainty about outcomes of a monetary lottery, we found information purchase decisions could be captured by a computational model of SVOI incorporating utility of anticipation, a form of noninstrumental motive for information seeking, in addition to instrumental benefits. Neurally, trial-by-trial variation in SVOI was correlated with activity in striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, cross-categorical decoding revealed that, within these regions, SVOI and expected utility of lotteries were represented using a common code. These findings provide support for the common currency hypothesis and shed insight on neurocognitive mechanisms underlying information-seeking behavior.