Effects of Spaceflight on Astronaut Brain Structure as Indicated on MRI
Effects of Spaceflight on Astronaut Brain Structure as Indicated on MRI
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DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa1705129
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发表时间：
2017-11-02
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
Antonucci, Michael U.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Roberts, Donna R.;Albrecht, Moritz H.;Antonucci, Michael U.
背景&帕拉;&帕拉;关于航天对大脑解剖结构和脑脊液空间的影响的信息有限。帕拉;&帕拉;方法和帕拉;&帕拉;我们使用磁共振成像（MRI）比较了18名宇航员在长期任务（包括在国际空间站停留）前后的大脑图像，以及16名宇航员在短期任务（包括参与航天飞机计划）前后的大脑图像。图像由不知道飞行持续时间的读者解释。我们还生成了成对的飞行前和飞行后MRI电影片段，这些片段来自12名宇航员在长时间飞行后和6名宇航员在短时间飞行后的高分辨率三维成像，以评估CSF空间狭窄和脑结构移位的程度。我们还通过自动分析T-1加权MRI比较了飞行前心室容积和飞行后心室容积。主要的预先设定的分析集中在中央沟体积的变化，在顶部的CSF空间的体积的变化，和大脑的垂直位移。帕拉;&帕拉;结果&帕拉;&帕拉; 18名航天员中有17名在长期飞行（平均飞行时间164.8天）后出现中央沟狭窄，16名航天员中有3名在短期飞行（平均飞行时间13.6天）后出现中央沟狭窄（P
BACKGROUND & para;& para;There is limited information regarding the effects of spaceflight on the anatomical configuration of the brain and on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces.& para;& para;METHODS & para;& para;We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare images of 18 astronauts' brains before and after missions of long duration, involving stays on the International Space Station, and of 16 astronauts' brains before and after missions of short duration, involving participation in the Space Shuttle Program. Images were interpreted by readers who were unaware of the flight duration. We also generated paired preflight and postflight MRI cine clips derived from high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging of 12 astronauts after long-duration flights and from 6 astronauts after short-duration flights in order to assess the extent of narrowing of CSF spaces and the displacement of brain structures. We also compared preflight ventricular volumes with postflight ventricular volumes by means of an automated analysis of T-1-weighted MRIs. The main prespecified analyses focused on the change in the volume of the central sulcus, the change in the volume of CSF spaces at the vertex, and vertical displacement of the brain.& para;& para;RESULTS & para;& para;Narrowing of the central sulcus occurred in 17 of 18 astronauts after long-duration flights (mean flight time, 164.8 days) and in 3 of 16 astronauts after short-duration flights (mean flight time, 13.6 days) (P