Comprehensive phylogeny of apid bees reveals the evolutionary origins and antiquity of cleptoparasitism
Comprehensive phylogeny of apid bees reveals the evolutionary origins and antiquity of cleptoparasitism
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1006299107
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发表时间：
2010-09-14
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Danforth, Bryan N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardinal, Sophie;Straka, Jakub;Danforth, Bryan N.
蜜蜂科是蜜蜂中种类最多、行为最多样的一科。它包括独居，真社会，社会寄生，以及极高比例的cleptoparasitic物种。Cleptoparasitic蜜蜂，这是在其他蜜蜂的巢中的育雏寄生虫，长期以来造成的问题，在解决Apidae内的系统发育关系的基础上的形态学数据，因为寄生虫的倾向，收敛于一套特征，使得它很难区分由共同的祖先从收敛所造成的相似性。在这里，我们解决的进化历史的所有33个apid部落（基于190种），包括代表从每一个假设的起源cleptoparasitism进行了详细的，全面的分子系统发育分析。贝叶斯祖先状态重建的基础上，我们表明，cleptoparasitism已经出现了四次在蜜蜂科，这是比以前估计的次数少。我们的研究结果表明，99%的cleptoparasitic蜜蜂形成一个单系群。发散时间估计表明，剪寄生是一种古老的行为，在白垩纪95 Mya [95%最高后验密度（HPD）= 87-103]晚期首次进化的蜜蜂。我们的系统发育分析的蜜蜂揭示了宏观进化的蜜蜂家庭，是进化，生态和经济的重要性。
Apidae is the most speciose and behaviorally diverse family of bees. It includes solitary, eusocial, socially parasitic, and an exceptionally high proportion of cleptoparasitic species. Cleptoparasitic bees, which are brood parasites in the nests of other bees, have long caused problems in resolving the phylogenetic relationships within Apidae based on morphological data because of the tendency for parasites to converge on a suite of traits, making it difficult to differentiate similarity caused by common ancestry from convergence. Here, we resolve the evolutionary history of apid cleptoparasitism by conducting a detailed, comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of all 33 apid tribes (based on 190 species), including representatives from every hypothesized origin of cleptoparasitism. Based on Bayesian ancestral state reconstruction, we show that cleptoparasitism has arisen just four times in Apidae, which is fewer times than previously estimated. Our results indicate that 99% of cleptoparasitic apid bees form a monophyletic group. Divergence time estimates reveal that cleptoparasitism is an ancient behavior in bees that first evolved in the late Cretaceous 95 Mya [95% highest posterior density (HPD) = 87-103]. Our phylogenetic analysis of the Apidae sheds light on the macroevolution of a bee family that is of evolutionary, ecological, and economic importance.