Inventory Vulnerability Functions for Earthquake Damage Evaluation in Terms of Intensity Scale of the Japan Meteorological Agency
Inventory Vulnerability Functions for Earthquake Damage Evaluation in Terms of Intensity Scale of the Japan Meteorological Agency
复制标题
日本气象厅烈度等级地震灾害评估的脆弱性函数清单
DOI：
10.4294/zisin1948.44.2_93
复制
发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Kagami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Okada;H. Kagami
为了正确评估未来地震对危险区域要素造成的损害，有必要评估脆弱性，描述由于经历一定程度的地震地面运动而对该区域内的要素造成的损失程度或受损要素的百分比。本文的目的是开发用于评估日本地震损失的库存脆弱性函数。为了开发适用于日本所有现有要素的脆弱性函数，我们尝试将东京都政府防灾委员会报告的日本气象厅（JMA）强度等级阐述中的描述转化为脆弱性函数方程。首先，阐述者通过在描述中引入相当于损害程度的形容词和副词表达的百分位值来定性地表达损害现象，从而获得定量数据。其次，利用最小二乘法从定量数据中推导出脆弱性方程。我们引入了一个简单的模型，其中单元的易损性特征通过 JMA 规模上的地震烈度的正态分布函数来表达。按照上述方法推导了56种元素的库存脆弱性函数； e.例如，居民、各种建筑、建筑内容、桥梁、道路和生命线。这些函数与过去地震中获得的损伤数据非常吻合。作为将评估函数应用于损害评估的一个例子，通过考虑家具脆弱性和人类行为疏散能力的函数来评估地震期间居民因物体掉落或家具翻倒而受伤的概率。这些方程组对于总损伤评估应该有用。
For correctly evaluating the future earthquake damage done to the regional elements at risk, it is neccessary to assess vulnerability describing the level of loss that would be caused to element or percentage of element damaged in the area as a result of experiencing earthquake ground motion of a certain severity. The purpose of this paper is to develop inventory vulnerability functions for evaluating earthquake damege in Japan. To develop serviceable vulnerability functions for all the existing elements in Japan, we tried to translate the descriptions in the expounder of the intensity scale of the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Disaster Prevention Council into the functional equations on vulnerability. First, quantitative data were made from the expounder qualitatively expressing damage phenomena by introducing the percentile values equivalent to the adjective and adverb expressions on the scale of degree of damage within the descriptions. Second, vulnerability equations were derived from the quantitative data by means of the least squares method. We introduced a simple model in which the vulnerability characteristics of an element was expressed by a normal distribution function in terms of the seismic intensity on the JMA scale. By follwing the above method we derived the inventory vulnerability functions for 56 kinds of elements; e. g., inhabitants, buildings of various kinds of construction, building contents, bridges, roadways, and lifelines. These functions agreed well with the damage data obtained in the past earthquakes. As an example of applying the assessed functions to damage evaluation, the probability that an inhabitant suffers injuries due to objects fallen or furniture overturned during an earthquake was evaluated by considering both functions on vulnerability of furniture and on ability of human behavior to evacuate. A group of these equations should be useful for total damage evaluation.