Contingent reinforcement for reduced carbon monoxide levels in cigarette smokers.
Contingent reinforcement for reduced carbon monoxide levels in cigarette smokers.
复制标题
降低吸烟者一氧化碳水平的偶然强化。
DOI：
10.1016/0306-4603(82)90010-7
复制
发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bigelow,GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stitzer,ML;Bigelow,GE
呼出空气一氧化碳（CO）同时进行了评估，作为应急强化干预的目标，以促进吸烟减少，并作为一个衡量受试者内的变化，最近的吸烟率和模式。11名志愿吸烟者参加了一项为期三周的研究，该研究采用了A-B-A设计。在工作日下午3：00至4：30之间测量CO水平，并在整个研究期间由受试者保存详细的吸烟自我报告记录。研究第2周期间，如果CO读数等于或小于研究第1周期间该受试者获得的平均阅读的50%，则可获得5.00美元的货币支付。在研究第3周期间撤回或有支付。在研究过程中，吸烟的三个指标有序地变化。在研究第2周期间，CO读数从初始基线水平降低，但在应急药物退出时，通常不会恢复到原始基线水平。与基线研究阶段相比，应急干预期间记录的日间吸烟数量减少，下午研究联系前的戒烟分钟数增加。受试者内呼出气体CO水平与白天吸烟次数的平均相关性为0.67（p< 0.01），CO与距上次吸烟时间的平均相关性为-0.59（p< 0.05）。呼出气CO似乎是一个合适的目标，应急强化干预，以及一个客观的措施，反映率和模式，最近吸烟在个别科目。
Expired air carbon monoxide (CO) was evaluated simultaneously as the target for a contingent reinforcement intervention to promote smoking reduction and as a measure of within-subject changes in recent smoking rates and patterns. Eleven volunteer smokers participated in a three-week study which utilized an A-B-A design. CO levels were measured on weekday afternoons between 3:00 and 4:30 p.m. and detailed self-report records of smoking were kept by subjects throughout the study. A monetary payment of $5.00 was available during study week 2 for CO readings which were 50% or less of the average reading obtained for that subject during study week 1. Contingent payment was withdrawn during study week 3. Three measures of smoking changed in an orderly manner during the study. CO readings were reduced from initial baseline levels during study week 2 but generally did not return to original baseline levels when the contingency was withdrawn. Number of daytime cigarettes recorded decreased and minutes of cigarette abstinence prior to the afternoon study contact increased during the contingent intervention period compared to baseline study phases. The average within-subject correlation between expired air CO level and number of daytime cigarettes was 0.67 (p< 0.01), that between CO and time since last cigarette was - 0.59 (p< 0.05). Expired air CO appears to be an appropriate target for contingent reinforcement intervention as well as an objective measure which reflects rates and patterns of recent smoking inindividual subjects.
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影响因子：
5.9
作者：
H. Lando
通讯作者：
H. Lando
存款合同作为戒烟行为计划的组成部分的影响。
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
R. Paxton
通讯作者：
R. Paxton
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1973
期刊：
British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Rea;P. Tyrer;H. Kasap;Shirley A. A. Beresford;Jones;London N W;Denmark Hill;London S E;Holland Adler;Holland
通讯作者：
Holland
吸烟时吸收一氧化碳。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1971
期刊：
Archives of Environmental Health An International Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Seymour I. Cohen;Norman M. Perkins;Hans K. Ury;John R. Goldsmith
通讯作者：
John R. Goldsmith
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1979
期刊：
NIDA research monograph
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Stitzer;G. Bigelow;I. Liebson
通讯作者：
I. Liebson