Engineering and characterisation of the interface in flax fibre/polypropylene composite materials. Part I. Development and investigation of surface treatments
Engineering and characterisation of the interface in flax fibre/polypropylene composite materials. Part I. Development and investigation of surface treatments
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DOI：
10.1016/s1359-835x(02)00082-9
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发表时间：
2002-08
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
N. Zafeiropoulos;D.R Williams;C. Baillie;F.L Matthews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Zafeiropoulos;D.R Williams;C. Baillie;F.L Matthews
长期以来，天然纤维在塑料工业中一直被用作降低成本的填充物。如今，它们被认为是复合材料中玻璃纤维的潜在替代品。然而，尽管天然纤维有许多优点，最重要的是它们的低成本和低密度，但它们也不是完全没有问题。天然纤维的一个严重问题是它们的强极性，这造成了许多与大多数热塑性基质(特别是聚烯烃)不兼容的问题。表面处理虽然对经济有负面影响，但有可能克服不相容的问题。本研究着重于乙酰化和硬脂化这两种处理方法的发展、优化和表征。将这两种处理方法应用于两种等级的亚麻纤维(绿亚麻和露脱亚麻)，讨论了处理温度、处理时间、反应物回收量等工艺参数对处理结果的影响，并对处理前后的纤维进行了X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和反相色谱表征。结果发现，这两种处理都会去除纤维中的非晶态成分，并改变表面形貌的特征。研究还发现，两种处理都改变了纤维的表面自由能，乙酰化处理增加了纤维表面自由能，而硬脂化处理降低了纤维表面自由能。
Natural fibres have long been used as cost-cutting fillers in the plastics industry. Nowadays, they are considered to be a potential replacement of glass fibres for use in composite materials. However, although natural fibres have many advantages, the most important being their low cost and low density, they are not totally free of problems. A serious problem of natural fibres is their strong polar character, which creates many problems of incompatibility with most thermoplastic matrices (especially polyolefins). Surface treatments, although having a negative impact on economics, are potentially able to overcome the problem of incompatibility. The present study focuses on the development, optimisation and characterisation of two such treatments; acetylation and stearation. The two treatments were applied on two grades of flax fibres (green and dew retted flax), the results are discussed in terms of process variables, such as temperature, time of treatment, recycling of reactants, etc. Three characterisation techniques were applied on the treated and untreated fibres; X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and inverse gas chromatography. It was found that both treatments result in a removal of non-crystalline constituents of the fibres, and alter the characteristics of the surface topography. It was also found that both treatments change the fibre surface free energy, with acetylation increasing it and stearation decreasing it.