Response of Drosophila to Wasabi is mediated by painless, the fly homolog of mammalian TRPA1/ANKTM1
Response of Drosophila to Wasabi is mediated by painless, the fly homolog of mammalian TRPA1/ANKTM1
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2006.04.002
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发表时间：
2006-05-23
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Benzer, Seymour
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Al-Anzi, Bader;Tracey, W. Daniel, Jr.;Benzer, Seymour
许多由植物产生的驱避化合物在哺乳动物中引起辛辣或辛辣的感觉[1-16]。在一些情况下，已发现这是通过激活瞬时受体电位（TRP）家族中的离子通道发生的[1-7]。我们报告说，异硫氰酸酯（ITC），辛辣成分的芥末，是一种驱虫剂的昆虫果蝇，和无痛基因，以前已知的幼虫伤害感受所需的，需要这种回避行为。无痛报告基因在唇须、跗骨和翅前缘的味觉感受神经元中表达，但在嗅觉感受神经元中不表达，表明其具有味觉作用。事实上，无痛表达与多种味觉受体基因报告重叠。一些，如Gr 66 a，已知在介导味觉排斥的神经元中表达[8-10]。无痛突变体不是味觉盲，它们对盐和奎宁表现出正常的厌恶性味觉行为，对糖和辣椒素表现出吸引性反应。无痛基因是哺乳动物“山葵受体”TRPA 1/ANKTM 1的进化同源物，也被认为与伤害感受有关。我们的研究结果表明，异硫氰酸酯的刺痛感是由一个进化上保守的分子途径，也用于伤害性感受的激活。
A number of repellent compounds produced by plants elicit a spicy or pungent sensation in mammals [1-16]. In several cases, this has been found to occur through activation of ion channels in the transient receptor potential (TRP) family [1-7]. We report that isothiocyanate (ITC), the pungent ingredient of wasabi, is a repellent to the insect Drosophila melanogaster, and that the painless gene, previously known to be required for larval nociception, is required for this avoidance behavior. A painless reporter gene is expressed in gustatory receptor neurons of the labial palpus, tarsus, and wing anterior margin, but not in olfactory receptor neurons, suggesting a gustatory role. Indeed, painless expression overlaps with a variety of gustatory-receptor gene reporters. Some, such as Gr66a, are known to be expressed in neurons that mediate gustatory repulsion [8-10]. painless mutants are not taste blind; they show normal aversive gustatory behavior with salt and quinine and attractive responses to sugars and capsaicin. The painless gene is an evolutionary homolog of the mammalian "wasabi receptor" TRPA1/ANKTM1 [6], also thought to be involved in nociception. Our results suggest that the stinging sensation of isothiocyanate is caused by activation of an evolutionarily conserved molecular pathway that is also used for nociception.