Modeling the difference in ground-motion magnitude-scaling in small and large earthquakes
Modeling the difference in ground-motion magnitude-scaling in small and large earthquakes
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DOI：
10.1785/gssrl.82.4.504
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发表时间：
2011-07
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Douglas;P. Jousset
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Douglas;P. Jousset
通常情况下，某一特定地区的小地震（毫瓦< 5）的地面运动记录相对丰富，但对于可能对建筑物造成破坏的大地震，几乎没有记录。这是几乎普遍观察到的古腾堡-里希特关系的直接结果，即震级单位增加会使观测到的地震次数减少十倍（例如，Frohlich和Davis 1993， Douglas 2003）。小地震数据在地震危险性评估中的有效应用依赖于对地震地面运动如何随震级变化的认识。大多数地震动预测方程（GMPEs）通常是通过回归分析推导出来的，用于估计Mw≥5的地震的震动（Douglas 2011），但通常很少考虑它们如何外推到小震级，这些小震级有时被考虑在概率地震危险性评估的危险积分中，或者用于GMPEs与观测结果的检验中，特别是在低至中等地震活动性地区。
It is often the case that ground-motion records for a given area of interest are available in relative abundance for small (Mw < 5) earthquakes but are practically non-existent for larger earthquakes, which have the potential to cause damage to structures. This is a direct consequence of the almost universally observed Gutenberg-Richter relation that a unit increase in magnitude decreases the number of earthquakes observed by a factor of ten (e.g., Frohlich and Davis 1993, Douglas 2003). The productive use of data from small earthquakes for seismic hazard assessments relies on knowledge of how earthquake ground motions scale with magnitude. The majority of ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) are derived, usually by regression analysis, to estimate shaking from earthquakes with Mw ≳ 5 (Douglas 2011), but there is often little consideration given to how they extrapolate to small magnitudes, which are sometimes considered within the hazard integral of probabilistic seismic hazard assessments or for the testing of GMPEs against observations, especially for regions of low-to-moderate seismicity.