Core, animal reminder, and contamination disgust: Three kinds of disgust with distinct personality, behavioral, physiological, and clinical correlates
Core, animal reminder, and contamination disgust: Three kinds of disgust with distinct personality, behavioral, physiological, and clinical correlates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jrp.2008.03.009
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
David, Bieke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olatunji, Bunmi O.;Haidt, Jonathan;David, Bieke
我们研究了对三种厌恶（核心，动物提醒和污染）的敏感性与人格特质，行为回避，生理反应和焦虑症症状之间的关系。研究1表明，这些厌恶与神经质和行为抑制特别相关。此外，在研究二中，三种厌恶在四种厌恶相关的行为回避任务上表现出理论上一致的关系模式。在研究3中发现了类似的结果，即核心厌恶与暴露于呕吐物期间增加的生理反应显著相关，而动物提醒厌恶与暴露于血液期间的生理反应特别相关。最后，研究4揭示了三种厌恶中的每一种都表现出与污染恐惧、动物恐惧和血液损伤相关刺激的不同关系模式。这些研究结果提供了支持的收敛和发散的有效性的核心，动物的提醒，和污染厌恶。这些发现还强调了这三种厌恶可能表现为不同心理机制的功能的可能性（即，口服掺入、死亡防御、疾病避免），其可能引起不同的临床状况。然而，实证研究的机制，这三个厌恶的基础将需要进一步完善的厌恶量表的心理测量特性。(C)2008年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
We examined the relationships between sensitivity to three kinds of disgust (core, animal-reminder, and contamination) and personality traits, behavioral avoidance, physiological responding, and anxiety disorder symptoms. Study 1 revealed that these disgusts are particularly associated with neuroticism and behavioral inhibition. Moreover, the three disgusts showed a theoretically consistent pattern of relations on four disgust-relevant behavioral avoidance tasks in Study 2. Similar results were found in Study 3 such that core disgust was significantly related to increased physiological responding during exposure to vomit, while animal-reminder disgust was specifically related to physiological responding during exposure to blood. Lastly, Study 4 revealed that each of the three disgusts showed a different pattern of relations with fear of contamination, fear of animals, and fear of blood-injury relevant stimuli. These findings provide support for the convergent and divergent validity of core, animal-reminder, and contamination disgust. These findings also highlight the possibility that the three kinds of disgust may manifest as a function of different psychological mechanisms (i.e., oral incorporation, mortality defense, disease avoidance) that may give rise to different clinical conditions. However, empirical examination of the mechanisms that underlie the three disgusts will require further refinement of the psychometric properties of the disgust scale. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.