Microbial stoichiometric flexibility regulates rice straw mineralization and its priming effect in paddy soil
Microbial stoichiometric flexibility regulates rice straw mineralization and its priming effect in paddy soil
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微生物化学计量灵活性调节稻草矿化及其在水稻土中的启动效应
DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.003
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Wu Jinshui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu Zhenke;Ge Tida;Luo Yu;Liu Shoulong;Xu Xingliang;Tong Chengli;Shibistova Olga;Guggenberger Georg;Wu Jinshui
氮、磷的有效性在陆地生态系统碳循环中起着至关重要的作用。然而，水稻土中植物残体微生物矿化的C：N：P化学计量调节及其对土壤启动效应（以CO2和CH 4排放量衡量）的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过100 d培养试验，研究了土壤C：N：P化学计量比（通过施用N和P肥料来调节）对13 C标记水稻秸秆矿化和随后的PE的影响。氮和磷的添加增加秸秆矿化约25%和10%，分别。氮、磷的同时添加导致CO2排放增加，但CH 4排放降低。随着DOC：NH 4 +-N、DOC：Olsen P和微生物生物量C：N比值的增加，13 CO2排放量呈指数增长，达到最大值。与单施秸秆相比，单施N降低了CO2排放的PE，而单施P提高了CO2排放的PE。相比之下，天然土壤有机质（SOM）释放的CH 4减少7.4%和46.1%，分别后P和NP的应用。结构方程模型表明，速效氮对PE具有主导和直接的正效应，而微生物生物量化学计量主要对PE产生负的间接影响。土壤酶活性的化学计量比直接下调了有机质CH 4的排放。微生物通过化学计量灵活性调节土壤碳周转，以维持资源和微生物需求之间的元素化学计量平衡。因此，秸秆还田与氮、磷肥配施能够满足土壤微生物的化学计量需求，调节土壤微生物活性和胞外酶的产生，促进土壤有机质与新鲜碳的共代谢。
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability plays a crucial role in carbon (C) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the C:N:P stoichiometric regulation of microbial mineralization of plant residues and its impact on the soil priming effect (PE), measured as CO2and CH4emission, in paddy soils remain unclear. In this study, the effect of soil C:N:P stoichiometry (regulated by the application of N and P fertilizers) on the mineralization of13C-labelled rice straw and the subsequent PE was investigated in a 100-day incubation experiment in flooded paddy soil. N and P additions increased straw mineralization by approximately 25% and 10%, respectively. Additions of both N and P led to higher CO2efflux, but lower CH4emission. With an increase in the ratios of DOC:NH4+-N, DOC:Olsen P, and microbial biomass C:N,13CO2efflux increased exponentially to a maximum. Compared with sole straw addition, exclusive N addition led to a weaker PE for CO2emission, whereas exclusive P addition induced a stronger PE for CO2emission. In contrast, CH4emitted from native soil organic matter (SOM) was reduced by 7.4% and 46.1% following P and NP application, respectively. Structural equation models suggest that available N had dominant and direct positive effects, whereas microbial biomass stoichiometry mainly exerted negative indirect effects on PE. The stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity directly down-regulated CH4emission from SOM. Microbes obviously regulate soil C turnover via stoichiometric flexibility to maintain an elemental stoichiometric balance between resources and microbial requirements. The addition of straw in combination with N and P fertilization in paddy soils could therefore meet microbial stoichiometric requirements and regulate microbial activity and extracellular enzyme production, resulting in co-metabolism of fresh C and native SOM.
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