A temporal dissociation of subliminal versus supraliminal fear perception: An event-related potential study
A temporal dissociation of subliminal versus supraliminal fear perception: An event-related potential study
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DOI：
10.1162/089892904322926809
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Gordon, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liddell, BJ;Williams, LM;Gordon, E
目前的情绪理论认为，与威胁相关的刺激首先通过一种自动参与的神经机制进行处理，这种机制发生在有意识的意识之外。这一机制与一个更慢、更全面的过程相结合，可以对潜在的有害刺激进行详细评估（LeDoux，1998年）。我们利用Halgren和Marinkovic（1995）的模型，在后向掩蔽范式中使用事件相关电位（ERP）来检查这些过程。使用的刺激是面对恐惧和中性（作为基线控制）的表情，以上（阈上）和以下（阈下）的有意识的检测阈值。ERP数据显示，阈上与阈下的恐惧知觉的双重分离。在阈下条件下，对恐惧刺激的感知的反应相对于中性的N2“兴奋性”成分被增强，这被认为是代表定向和自动方面的脸处理。相比之下，对恐惧的阈上感知与晚期P3“抑制”成分的相对增强的反应有关，这与情绪过程的整合有关。这些发现为Halgren和Marinkovic的情绪处理时间模型提供了证据，并表明评估威胁信号的神经机制不仅可以自动启动，而且不需要有意识地检测这些信号。
Current theories of emotion suggest that threat-related stimuli are first processed via an automatically engaged neural mechanism, which occurs outside conscious awareness. This mechanism operates in conjunction with a slower and more comprehensive process that allows a detailed evaluation of the potentially harmful stimulus (LeDoux, 1998). We drew on the Halgren and Marinkovic (1995) model to examine these processes using event-related potentials (ERPs) within a backward masking paradigm. Stimuli used were faces with fear and neutral (as baseline control) expressions, presented above (supraliminal) and below (subliminal) the threshold for conscious detection. ERP data revealed a double dissociation for the supraliminal versus subliminal perception of fear. In the subliminal condition, responses to the perception of fear stimuli were enhanced relative to neutral for the N2 "excitatory" component, which is thought to represent orienting and automatic aspects of face processing. By contrast, supraliminal perception of fear was associated with relatively enhanced responses for the late P3 "inhibitory" component, implicated in the integration of emotional processes. These findings provide evidence in support of Halgren and Marinkovic's temporal model of emotion processing, and indicate that the neural mechanisms for appraising signals of threat may be initiated, not only automatically, but also without the need for conscious detection of these signals.