Informatics in Radiology What Can You See in a Single Glance and How Might This Guide Visual Search in Medical Images?
Informatics in Radiology What Can You See in a Single Glance and How Might This Guide Visual Search in Medical Images?
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DOI：
10.1148/rg.331125023
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Wolfe, Jeremy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drew, Trafton;Evans, Karla;Wolfe, Jeremy M.
当放射科医生在胸部X光片上曝光仅五分之一秒时，诊断的准确性高于偶然的预期，这段时间对于一次以上的自愿眼球运动来说太短暂了。放射科医生如何从第一眼看到的图像中收集信息？人们认为，这种对图像完形的专家印象与日常的、直接的对场景主旨的视觉理解有关。几个高速机制指导我们搜索复杂的图像。基本特征（如颜色）的指导不需要学习，而复杂场景属性的指导是学习的。通过基本特征的硬连线引导和通过场景结构的学习引导都可能成为放射科医生的专业知识的一部分。场景中的搜索可以用双路径模型来解释：对象识别是通过选择性路径进行的，其中候选目标必须被单独选择用于识别。第二种非选择性途径从全局或统计信息中提取信息，而不选择特定对象。非选择性处理的作用的赞赏可能是特别有用的理解是什么区分新手从专家放射科医生，可以帮助建立新的方法，医生培训的基础上医学图像感知。(C)RSNA，2012年。radiographics.rsna.org
Diagnostic accuracy for radiologists is above that expected by chance when they are exposed to a chest radiograph for only one-fifth of a second, a period too brief for more than a single voluntary eye movement. How do radiologists glean information from a first glance at an image? It is thought that this expert impression of the gestalt of an image is related to the everyday, immediate visual understanding of the gist of a scene. Several high-speed mechanisms guide our search of complex images. Guidance by basic features (such as color) requires no learning, whereas guidance by complex scene properties is learned. It is probable that both hardwired guidance by basic features and learned guidance by scene structure become part of radiologists' expertise. Search in scenes may be best explained by a two-pathway model: Object recognition is performed via a selective pathway in which candidate targets must be individually selected for recognition. A second, nonselective pathway extracts information from global or statistical information without selecting specific objects. An appreciation of the role of nonselective processing may be particularly useful for understanding what separates novice from expert radiologists and could help establish new methods of physician training based on medical image perception. (C) RSNA, 2012 . radiographics.rsna.org