Toward a Northern Architecture The Microrayon as Arctic Urban Prototype
Toward a Northern Architecture The Microrayon as Arctic Urban Prototype
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DOI：
10.1080/10464883.2016.1197672
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
0.2
通讯作者：
Jull, Matthew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jull, Matthew
在20世纪，北极地区的两条城市发展轨迹--拉尔夫·埃尔斯金（Ralph Erskine）在加拿大雷索卢特（Resolute）的一个新城镇的社会和环境项目，以及苏联的大规模工业城市诺里尔斯克（Norilsk）--汇聚在一套理念上，定义了极端北方气候下独特的城市和建筑设计类型。最好的描述为microrayon-一个苏联的规划概念，起源于20世纪50年代末，已被调整和改造，以适应环境和社会条件在极北地区，这两个项目有许多相似之处，尽管它们的规模和社会，政治和经济背景大不相同。它们的演变和发展为极端北方气候和未来北极城市的城市设计奠定了重要的先例。
During the twentieth century, two trajectories of urban development in the Arctic, Ralph Erskine's social and environmental project for a new town in Resolute, Canada, and the massive industrial city of Norilsk in the Soviet Union, converged on a set of ideas that define a unique typology of urban and architectural design in extreme northern climates. Best described as a microrayon-a Soviet planning concept that originated in the late 1950s-that has been adapted and transformed to accommodate environmental and social conditions in the extreme north, these two projects share many similarities despite their vastly different scales, and social, political, and economic contexts. Their evolution and development establishes an important precedent for urban design in extreme northern climates and future Arctic cities.