Ironic effects of repetition: measuring age-related differences in memory.
Ironic effects of repetition: measuring age-related differences in memory.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.25.1.3
复制
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Jacoby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Jacoby
四个实验考察了重复的反讽效果，与期望的效果相反(参看。D.M.Wegner，1994)。在排除任务中，参与者要对之前听到的单词回答“是”，但对之前阅读的单词回答“否”。来自年轻人的研究结果显示，如果给予足够的反应时间，对较早阅读的单词的错误警报会随着重复而减少。对老年人来说，重复的反面具有讽刺意味--重复会增加对较早阅读的单词的错误警觉。与老年人一样，被迫在阅读单词时做出快速反应或执行次要任务的年轻人也表现出了同样的讽刺效果。L·L·雅各比(L.L.Jacoby，1991,1998)的过程分离程序被用来证明，产生反讽效应的因素是通过减少回忆而保持重复对熟悉度的影响而实现的。
Four experiments examined ironic effects of repetition, effects opposite to those desired (cf. D. M. Wegner, 1994). For an exclusion task, participants were to respond "yes" to words heard earlier but "no" to words that were read earlier. Results from young adults given adequate time to respond showed that false alarms to earlier-read words decreased with their repetition. An opposite, ironic effect of repetition was found for elderly adults--false alarms to earlier-read words increased with repetition. Younger adults forced to respond quickly or to perform a secondary task while reading words showed the same ironic effect of repetition as did elderly adults. The process-dissociation procedure (L. L. Jacoby, 1991, 1998) was used to show that factors that produce ironic effects do so by reducing recollection while leaving effects of repetition on familiarity unchanged.