Clinical correlates of ADHD in females: Findings from a large group of girls ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric referral sources
Clinical correlates of ADHD in females: Findings from a large group of girls ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric referral sources
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DOI：
10.1097/00004583-199908000-00012
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Zallen, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biederman, J;Faraone, SV;Zallen, B
目的：有关注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的科学文献几乎完全基于男性受试者，而女孩的ADHD可能没有得到充分的识别和治疗。这项研究的目的是使用多个功能领域的综合评估来检查女性ADHD的临床相关性。方法：从相同年龄和社会阶层的儿科和精神科转诊来源中确定140名ADHD女孩和122名无ADHD的对照女孩为研究对象。通过结构化的诊断性访谈、评估智力功能和学业成就的心理测量测试，以及由对临床诊断视而不见的评分员对人际、学校和家庭功能的标准化评估，对受试者进行评估。结果：与女性对照组比较。患有ADHD的女孩更有可能有行为、情绪和焦虑症；智商和成就得分较低；在社会、学校和家庭功能方面的衡量标准更具损害。结论：这些结果延伸到女孩，先前在男孩中的发现表明，ADHD的特征是典型的核心症状，高水平的共病精神病理，以及多个领域的功能障碍。这些结果不仅支持记录性别之间表型相似性的发现，还强调了女性这种疾病的严重性。
Objective: The scientific literature about attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based almost exclusively on male subjects, and girls with ADHD may be underidentified and undertreated. The aim of this study was to examine clinical correlates of ADHD in females using comprehensive assessments in multiple domains of functioning. Method: Subjects were 140 girls with ADHD and 122 comparison girls without ADHD ascertained from pediatric and psychiatric referral sources of the same age and social class. Subjects, were assessed with structured diagnostic interviews, psychometric tests assessing intellectual functioning and academic achievement, as well as standardized assessments of interpersonal, school, and family functioning by raters who were blind to clinical diagnosis. Results: Compared with female controls. girls with ADHD were more likely to have conduct, mood, and anxiety disorders; lower IQ and achievement scores; and more impairment on measures of social, school, and family functioning. Conclusions: These results extend to girls previous findings in boys indicating that ADHD is characterized by prototypical core symptoms of the disorder, high levels of comorbid psychopathology, and dysfunction in multiple domains. These results not only support findings documenting phenotypic similarities between the genders but also stress the severity of the disorder in females.