The autophagy effector Beclin 1: a novel BH3-only protein.

The autophagy effector Beclin 1: a novel BH3-only protein.
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DOI:
10.1038/onc.2009.51
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发表时间:
2008-12
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Levine, B.
Levine, B.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sinha, S.;Levine, B.

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BH3结构域最初是在细胞凋亡调节因子的背景下发现的,它们介导促凋亡的Bcl2家族成员与抗凋亡的Bcl2家族成员的结合。然而,最近的研究表明,BH3结构域并不是唯一在细胞凋亡调控中发挥作用的;它们还在另一条涉及细胞和组织稳态的关键途径自噬中发挥作用。抗凋亡的Bcl2同源物通过与基本的自噬效应和单倍体缺陷的肿瘤抑制因子Beclin 1相互作用来下调自噬。Beclin 1含有一个BH3结构域,类似于Bcl2蛋白,它是与抗凋亡的Bcl2同源物结合的必要条件和充分条件,也是Bcl2介导的抑制自噬所必需的。本文将对Beclin 1的BH3结构域作为一个关键的结构基序的证据进行综述,该基序使Bcl2不仅作为抗凋亡蛋白发挥作用,而且还作为抗自噬蛋白发挥作用。
BH3 domains were originally discovered in the context of apoptosis regulators and they the mediate binding of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Yet, recent studies indicate that BH3 domains do not function uniquely in apoptosis regulation; they also function in the regulation of another critical pathway involved in cellular and tissue homeostasis called autophagy. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 homologs downregulate autophagy through interactions with the essential autophagy effector and haploinsufficient tumor suppressor, Beclin 1. Beclin 1 contains a BH3 domain, similar to that of Bcl-2 proteins, which is necessary and sufficient for binding to antiapoptotic Bcl-2 homologs and required for Bcl-2-mediated inhibition of autophagy. This review will summarize the evidence that the BH3 domain of Beclin 1 serves as a key structural motif that enables Bcl-2 to function not only as an antiapoptotic protein, but also as an antiautophagy protein.
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