The global decrease in cancer mortality: trends and disparities
The global decrease in cancer mortality: trends and disparities
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DOI：
10.1093/annonc/mdw027
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
影响因子：
50.5
通讯作者：
Negri, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hashim, D.;Boffetta, P.;Negri, E.
这项研究提供了对观察到的全球癌症死亡率的最大和最全面的系统分析，没有估计或推断数据。全球常见癌症的死亡率正在下降，但男女肝癌和女性肺癌的死亡率都在上升。这对了解当前的研究重点和资源分配至关重要。据报道，在过去20年里，美国、欧洲和其他高收入地区的癌症死亡率有所下降。目前尚不清楚类似的趋势是否适用于低收入到中等收入国家--以及全球。这项描述性研究的目的是比较所有国家的癌症死亡率，根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的死亡数据库，这些国家的死亡证明数据为高质量或中等质量，从2000年到2010年。我们将60个国家和地区纳入分析范围，计算了所有癌症和全球最常见癌症：肺癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、子宫癌和前列腺癌的年龄调整死亡率。在高收入和低收入地区以及两性中，总体癌症死亡率每年都下降了近1%。2010年，全球范围内避免了69.6万例癌症死亡，而2000年的比率为42.6万例(男性42.6万例，女性27.1万例)。然而，在许多国家，男女肝癌和女性肺癌的死亡率都有所上升。在所有有可靠数据的国家，个人死于癌症的风险都有所下降。这一下降主要是由于在最常见的特定癌症中出现了有利的趋势。两性肝癌和女性肺癌死亡率均呈上升趋势，是预防和进一步研究的优先事项。
This study provides the largest and most comprehensive systematic analysis of observed global cancer mortality, without estimated or extrapolated data. Global mortality for common cancers is decreasing, but liver cancer in both sexes and lung cancer in women are increasing. This is critical to inform current research priorities and resource allocation.A decrease in cancer mortality has been reported in the United States, Europe, and other high-income regions during the last two decades. Whether similar trends apply to low-to-middle income countries-and globally-is unclear.The aim of this descriptive study is to compare cancer mortality in all countries with high- or intermediate-quality data on death certificates according to the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database for the years 2000 through 2010. We included 60 countries in the analysis and calculated age-adjusted mortality rates for all cancer combined and for the commonest cancers worldwide: lung, stomach, breast, colorectal, uterine, and prostate.A decrease in overall cancer mortality rate of similar to 1% per year was observed in higher and lower income regions and in both sexes. In 2010, 696 000 cancer deaths were avoided on a global scale compared with 2000 rates (426 000 in men, 271 000 in women). However, the mortality of liver cancer in both sexes and lung cancer in females increased in many countries'.The individual risk of dying from cancer decreased in all countries with reliable data. This decrease was chiefly due to favorable trends in the commonest specific cancers. Liver cancer in both sexes and lung cancer in women, which show increasing mortality rates, constitute a priority for prevention and further research.