Quantum and classical dynamics simulations of ATP hydrolysis in solution.

Quantum and classical dynamics simulations of ATP hydrolysis in solution.
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DOI:
10.1021/ct200886j
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发表时间:
2012-07-10
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Schulten, Klaus
Schulten, Klaus
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Harrison, Christopher B.;Schulten, Klaus

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ATP 水解是活细胞中驱动许多细胞过程的关键反应。该反应涉及 ATP 中的 γ 磷酸裂解,将其转化为 ADP,有人认为该反应是通过取决于周围环境的缔合或解离机制发生的。先前的量子化学研究因模拟时间尺度短而无法捕获由于周围水环境松弛而导致的自由能贡献。我们在 NAMD 和 OpenAtom 仿真包中开发了高度并行的 QM/MM 实现,使用双网格、双长度尺度方法进行组合平面波和基于欧拉指数样条的 QM/MM 仿真。这种方法使用消息驱动的并行量子和经典动力学,允许对 ATP 水解等量子化学事件进行足够的时间尺度模拟,并且发现可以准确可靠地包含溶剂弛豫对水解的自由能贡献。在本文中,我们描述了基于双网格、双长度平面波的 QM/MM 方法的应用来研究 ATP 水解的缔合和解离机制,解释了溶剂弛豫的自由能贡献,以及 Mg2+ 在反应中的关键作用。
ATP hydrolysis is a key reaction in living cells that drives many cellular processes. The reaction, which involves gamma phosphate cleavage from ATP, converting it to ADP, has been suggested to occur via an associative or dissociative mechanism dependent upon the surrounding environment. Prior quantum chemical studies suffered from short simulation timescales failing to capture free energy contributions due to relaxation of the surrounding aqueous environment. We have developed a highly parallelized QM/MM implementation in the NAMD and OpenAtom simulation packages, using the dual grid, dual length scale method for combined plane-wave and Eular exponential spline-based QM/MM simulations. This approach, using message-driven parallel quantum and classical dynamics, permits sufficient timescale simulations for quantum chemical events such as ATP hydrolysis, and is found to accurately and reliably include the free energy contributions of solvent relaxation to hydrolysis. In this paper we describe the application of the dual grid, dual length plane-wave-based QM/MM method to study both the associative and dissociative mechanisms of ATP hydrolysis, accounting for the free energy contribution from solvent relaxation, as well as for the key role of Mg2+ in the reaction.
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