Should Article 43 of the United Nations Charter Be Raised From the Dead
Should Article 43 of the United Nations Charter Be Raised From the Dead
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《联合国宪章》第四十三条是否应该复活
DOI：
10.21236/ada271676
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eugene V. Rostow
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eugene V. Rostow
摘要：通过本能反应，苏联的解体模拟了激活《联合国宪章》第 43 条的提议，该条是《宪章》计划建立联合国常备军事力量以防止并在必要时击败侵略的计划的基石。在《宪章》中，此类行动被称为“强制行动”，以区别于中东的各种阿以战争、四十年前的朝鲜战争或最近的波斯湾战争等“单独或集体自卫”行动。根据第 43 条，执法行动将由安理会及其军事委员会下令和指导。除了 20 世纪 60 年代的刚果战争之外，安理会没有采取任何强制行动。迄今为止，《宪章》中的反侵略规则仅通过使用武力进行自卫而得到执行——即使确实得到了执行。
Abstract : By reflex action, the collapse of the Soviet Union has simulated proposals to activate Article 43 of the United Nation Charter, the keystone of the Charter's plan for establishing a standing U.N. military force to prevent and if necessary defeat aggression. In the Charter such actions are called 'enforcement actions,' as distinguished from actions of 'individual or collective self-defense' like the various Arab-Israeli wars in the Middle East, the war in Korea some forty years ago, or the recent war in the Persian Gulf. Under Article 43, enforcement actions would be ordered and directed by the Security Council and its Military Committee. With the possible exception of the Congo War during the 1960s, there have been no enforcement actions conducted by the Security Council. The Charter rule against aggression has so far been enforced-when it has been enforced at all-only by the use of force in self- defense.