Lantibiotic production is a burden for the producing staphylococci
Lantibiotic production is a burden for the producing staphylococci
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-25935-2
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发表时间：
2018-05-10
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Goetz, Friedrich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ebner, Patrick;Reichert, Sebastian;Goetz, Friedrich
羊毛硫抗生素是由革兰氏阳性菌产生的含有非蛋白质氨基酸羊毛硫氨酸和3-甲基羊毛硫氨酸的抗微生物肽。在这里，我们讨论了羊毛硫抗生素生产的利与弊，其生产菌株。两种葡萄球菌菌株，S. gallinarum Tu 3928和S.选择分别产生gallidermin和epidermin的epidermidis Tu 3298。在这些亲本菌株中，结构基因gdmA和epiA均被删除;包括免疫基因在内的所有其他生物合成基因均完好无损。对lantibiotic生产菌株与其非生产突变体的比较分析表明，lantibiotic生产是细胞的负担。其产生影响生长，引起ATP和脂质的释放，并增加胞质蛋白（ECP）的分泌。epidermin和gallidermin免疫基因不足以保护细胞免受其自身产物的侵害。共培养的研究表明，三角洲gdmA突变体具有优势的亲本菌株，后者被淘汰。一方面，葡萄球菌羊毛硫抗生素的生产通过抑制竞争者是有益的，但另一方面，当它们以更高的量积累时，它们对生产菌株造成负担。我们的观察结果解释了为什么产生抗生素的菌株在我们的皮肤和其他生态环境中占少数，但保留了相应的抗生素耐药性。
Lantibiotics are antimicrobial peptides that contain non-proteinogenic amino acids lanthionine and 3-methyllanthionine and are produced by Gram-positive bacteria. Here we addressed the pros and cons of lantibiotic production for its producing strains. Two staphylococcal strains, S. gallinarum Tu3928 and S. epidermidis Tu3298 producing gallidermin and epidermin respectively were selected. In each of these parental strains, the structural genes gdmA and epiA were deleted; all the other biosynthetic genes including the immunity genes were left intact. Comparative analysis of the lantibiotic-producing strains with their non-producing mutants revealed that lantibiotic production is a burden for the cells. The production affected growth, caused release of ATP, lipids and increased the excretion of cytoplasmic proteins (ECP). The epidermin and gallidermin immunity genes were insufficient to protect the cells from their own product. Co-cultivation studies showed that the Delta gdmA mutant has an advantage over the parental strain; the latter was outcompeted. On the one hand, the production of staphylococcal lantibiotics is beneficial by suppressing competitors, but on the other hand they impose a burden on the producing-strains when they accumulate in higher amounts. Our observations explain why antibiotic-producing strains occur as a minority on our skin and other ecological niches, but retain corresponding antibiotic resistance.