Sexual assault, sexual risks and gender attitudes in a community sample of South African men
Sexual assault, sexual risks and gender attitudes in a community sample of South African men
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DOI：
10.1080/09540120600984003
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Cloete, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalichman, S. C.;Simbayi, L. C.;Cloete, A.
在南非，针对妇女的性侵犯和艾滋病毒感染都是普遍存在且相互关联的社会问题。目前的研究审查了南非开普敦一个乡镇的男子对妇女的敌对态度、对暴力侵害妇女行为的接受程度以及与性侵犯历史有关的男性意识形态信仰。男性（n = 435）完成了性侵犯史，艾滋病毒风险史和基于性别的态度匿名调查。在这一社区抽样中，五分之一以上的男子报告说，他们一生中要么威胁使用武力，要么使用武力与妇女发生性关系。有性侵犯史的男性比没有性侵犯史的男性感染艾滋病毒的风险要高得多。有性侵犯历史的男性也更有可能赞同对女性的敌对态度，更有可能接受对女性的暴力行为，尽管这些态度和信念在有和没有性侵犯历史的男性中普遍存在。这些发现扩展了以前的研究，表明有性侵犯史的男性也表现出艾滋病毒感染和传播的风险增加。需要采取干预措施，解决南非男子对妇女的敌对态度、性攻击和艾滋病毒性风险问题。
Sexual assault against women and HIV infection are both prevalent and related social problems in South Africa. The current study examined hostile attitudes toward women, acceptance of violence against women and masculine ideological beliefs in relation to sexual assault history among men in a Cape Town township in South African. Men (n = 435) completed anonymous surveys of sexual assault history, HIV risk history and gender-based attitudes. More than one in five men in this community sample reported that they had either threatened to use force or used force to gain sexual access to a woman in their lifetime. Men with a history of sexual assault were at significantly higher risk for HIV transmission than their nonsexually assaultive counterparts. Men with a history of sexual assault were also more likely to endorse hostile attitudes toward women and were more likely to accept violence against women, although these attitudes and beliefs were prevalent and pervasive across men with and without histories of sexual assault. These findings extend previous research to show that men who have a history of sexual assault also exhibit elevated risks for HIV infection and transmission. Interventions are needed to address hostile attitudes toward women, sexual assault and sexual risks for HIV among South African men.