Greenhouse gas emission from direct seeding paddy field under different rice tillage systems in central China
Greenhouse gas emission from direct seeding paddy field under different rice tillage systems in central China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.still.2009.09.005
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Cao, Cougui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmad, Shahrear;Li, Chengfang;Cao, Cougui
农业耕作实践在绿色温室气体（GHG）的生产和/或消费中发挥着重要作用，而GHG对所观察到的全球变暖有很大贡献。中国中部地区是世界上主要的水稻产区之一，但一些研究试图描述稻田温室气体排放的机制，并量化全球变暖（GWPs）的基础上，该地区的温室气体排放。本研究以水稻（Oryza sativa L.）为试验材料，研究了免耕不施肥（NT 0）、常规耕作不施肥（CT 0）、免耕复合肥（NTC）和常规耕作复合肥（CTC）4种耕作方式对水稻产量的影响。比较了2008年中国亚热带地区水稻生长季不同耕作制度的CO2、CH 4和N2 O排放量。并对基于CO_2、CH_4和N_2O累积排放量的GWPS进行了比较。耕作和施肥对CO2排放没有影响。免耕对N2 O排放无影响，但对CH 4排放有显著影响。施肥显著影响CH 4和N2 O排放。CTC的CH 4排放量高于NTC，N2 O排放量低于NTC。NTC的CH 4累积排放通量为51.68gCH4m（-2），CTC为65.96gCH4m（-2），比NTC高28%（p < 0.05）。CTC的N2 O累积排放通量为561.00mgN2Om（-2），NTC为741.71mgN2Om（-2），比CTC高33%（p < 0.05）。NT 0和CT 0系统的N2 O排放量差异不显著，而CH 4排放量差异显著。CTC的GWP为26011.58 kg CO2 ha（-1），比NTC的GWP（23361.3 kg CO2 ha（-1））高12%，表明免耕是降低我国中部地区稻田GWP的有效措施，可以作为一种良好的环境保护农业制度。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Agricultural tillage practices play an important role in the production and/or consumption of green house gas (GHG) that contributes substantially to the observed global warming. Central China is one of the world's major rice producing areas but a few studies have tried to characterize the mechanisms of GHG release from rice paddy field and quantify global warming (GWPs) based on GHGs emission on this region. In this study four tillage systems consisting of no-tillage with no fertilizer (NT0), conventional tillage with no fertilizer (CT0), no-tillage with compound fertilizer (NTC) and conventional tillage with compound fertilizer (CTC) applications in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation were compared in terms of the carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from different tillage systems of the subtropical region of China during the rice growing season in 2008. GWPS based on CO2, CH4 and N2O'S cumulative emissions were also compared. Tillage and fertilization had no influence on CO2 emissions. No-tillage had no effect on N2O emissions but significantly affected CH4 emissions. Application of fertilizer significantly affected CH4 and N2O emissions. Higher CH4 emissions and lower N2O emissions were observed in CTC than in NTC. Cumulative CH4 emission flux in NTC was 51.68 g CH4 m(-2) while it was 65.96 g CH4 m(-2) in CTC, 28% (p < 0.05) higher than that in NTC. Cumulative N2O emission flux in CTC was 561.00 mg N2O m(-2), and was 741.71 mg N2O m(-2) in NTC, 33% (p < 0.05) higher than that in CTC. There was no significant difference in N2O emissions between NT0 and CT0 systems, but significant in CH4 emissions. GWP of CTC was 26011.58 kg CO2 ha(-1), which was 12% higher than that in NTC (23361.3 kg CO2 ha(-1)), therefore our findings show that no-tillage system was an effective strategy to reduce GWP from rice paddies in central China and thus can serve as a good agricultural system for environmental conservation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.