The Evolution of Access to Public Accommodations in the United States
The Evolution of Access to Public Accommodations in the United States
复制标题
美国公共设施的演变
DOI:
10.1093/qje/qjac035
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Rosé, David
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cook, Lisa D;Jones, Maggie E;Logan, Trevon D;Rosé, David
The economic analysis of racial discrimination in public accommodations is remarkably limited. To study this issue, we construct a national data set of nondiscriminatory establishments from theNegro Motorist Green Books, a travel guide published from 1936 to 1966 to aid Black Americans in finding nondiscriminatory retail and service establishments. We document patterns in the geographic spread and evolution of Green Book establishments, as well as the correlates of Green Book presence. We find that economic and social measures, as well as state laws relating to racial discrimination and antidiscrimination, were correlated with the provision of nondiscriminatory services. We then use the Green Book data to test whether market conditions and white consumer discrimination led businesses to bar Black customers prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. We use plausibly exogenous variation from white World War II casualties and Black migration patterns to isolate the effect of a change in the racial composition of consumers on the growth of nondiscriminatory businesses. We find that the share of nondiscriminatory establishments grew faster in locations with larger increases in the share of the Black population, but the magnitudes were small. These results highlight the importance of federal legislation in ending racial discrimination in public accommodations.
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DOI:
10.2139/ssrn.4019521
发表时间:
2022
期刊:
SSRN Electronic Journal
影响因子:
--
作者:
Andreas Ferrara;P. Testa;Liyang Zhou
通讯作者:
Liyang Zhou
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1986
期刊:
Journal Economic History
影响因子:
--
作者:
J. Roback
通讯作者:
J. Roback
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2013
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
Gavin J. Wright
通讯作者:
Gavin J. Wright
影响因子:
0.7
作者:
Maggie E. C. Jones
通讯作者:
Maggie E. C. Jones
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
T. Jaworski
通讯作者:
T. Jaworski