A heuristics approach to understanding cancer risk perception: Contributions from judgment and decision-making research
A heuristics approach to understanding cancer risk perception: Contributions from judgment and decision-making research
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DOI：
10.1207/s15324796abm3101_8
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Nelson, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peters, E;McCaul, KD;Nelson, W
背景人们对自己患癌症风险的可能性判断具有重要意义。在个人一级，风险估计指导保护行动，如癌症筛查。然而，在极端情况下，夸大的风险判断也会导致焦虑，降低生活质量，或者导致积极的自我保护行动，这些行动在客观风险下是不必要的。在政策层面，风险判断可以作为社会对癌症"战争"的看法的指标。通过风险判断，公众表达了他们对我们是否会赢的信念。目的：我已经从判断和决策的角度提出了理论观点，说明了它们如何解释癌症风险文献中的一些现有经验发现，并描述了尚未经过测试的其他预测。结论：总的来说，我们认为，从判断和决策的角度来看，理论提供了一个潜在的强大的观点，了解和改善癌症和其他疾病的风险判断。
Background. The likelihood judgments that people make about their risks for cancer have important implications. At the individual level, risk estimates guide protective actions, such as cancer screening. However at the extremes, exaggerated risk judgments can also lead to anxiety that degrades quality of life or to aggressive self-protective actions that arc, unwarranted given the objective risks. At the policy level, risk judgments may serve as an indicator of societal perceptions of the "war" against cancer. Using risk judgments, the public expresses its belief about whether we are winning. Purpose: I've present theoretical perspectives from judgment and decision making, illustrate how they can explain some of the existing empirical findings in the cancer risk literature, and describe additional predictions that have not yet been tested. Conclusions: Overall, we suggest that theories from the judgment and decision-making perspective offer a potentially powerful view for understanding and improving risk judgments for cancer and other diseases.