Glacial refugia of Ginkgo biloba and human impact on its genetic diversity:: Evidence from chloroplast DNA
Glacial refugia of Ginkgo biloba and human impact on its genetic diversity:: Evidence from chloroplast DNA
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7909.2007.00375.x
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Fu, Cheng-Xin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong, Wei;Zeng, Zhen;Fu, Cheng-Xin
本研究利用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术，对银杏（Ginkgo biloba L.）在中国总共分析了来自中国12个群体和中国以外3个群体的220个个体，代表了迄今为止通过分子标记研究的最大数量的群体。共产生19种单倍型，在所有群体中均发现单倍型A。中国西南地区包括WC、JF、PX和SP等4个居群，包含19种单倍型中的14种，遗传多样性介于0.771 4 ~ 0.867 6之间。中国TM群体也表现出较高的遗传多样性（H = 0.8485）。遗传变异主要存在于居群内，居群间的遗传分化较小（G（ST）= 0.2）。根据单倍型分布和历史记录，我们认为G.银杏受到广泛的人类影响，这使我们试图推断银杏的冰川避难所变得复杂。研究结果表明，银杏遗传多样性的中心主要在西南地区，应采取就地保护措施，以保护和保存银杏遗传资源。
Variations in the trnK region of chloroplast DNA were investigated in the present study using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism to detect the genetic structure and to infer the possible glacial refugia of Ginkgo biloba L. in China. In total, 220 individuals from 12 populations in China and three populations outside China were analyzed, representing the largest number of populations studied by molecular markers to date. Nineteen haplotypes were produced and haplotype A was found in all populations. Populations in south-western China, including WC, JF, PX, and SP, contained 14 of the 19 haplotypes and their genetic diversity ranged from 0.771 4 to 0.867 6. The TM population from China also showed a high genetic diversity (H = 0.848 5). Most of the genetic variation existed within populations and the differentiation among populations was low (G(ST) = 0.2). According to haplotype distribution and the historical record, we suggest that populations of G. biloba have been subjected to extensive human impact, which has compounded our attempt to infer glacial refugia for Ginkgo. Nevertheless, the present results suggest that the center of genetic diversity of Ginkgo is mainly in south-western China and in situ conservation is needed to protect and preserve the genetic resources.