La doyenne des «Sénégalaises» de Bordeaux: Maurel et H. Prom de 1831 à 1919, tome I. De l’édification à la période africaine; tome II. Maurel & H.Prom en Afrique
La doyenne des «Sénégalaises» de Bordeaux: Maurel et H. Prom de 1831 à 1919, tome I. De l’édification à la période africaine; tome II. Maurel & H.Prom en Afrique
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La doyenne des «Sénégalaises» de Bordeaux: Maurel et H. Prom de 1831 à 1919, tome I. De l’édification à la periode africaine II.
DOI：
10.1080/00076791.2015.1130252
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
H. Bonin
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作者：
H. Bonin
en Afrique，伊夫·佩豪 (yves Péhaut)，佩萨克，波尔多大学出版社，2014 年（两卷），464 和 582 页，35 欧元（平装本），isBn 978-2-86781-912-4 建立有关历史特定部分的知识库需要我们通过许多知识将大拼图的各个部分拼凑在一起几十年。关于撒哈拉以南非洲的欧洲贸易史的工作量已经令人印象深刻（自从凯瑟琳·科奎利-维德罗维奇（Catherine Coquery-Vidrovich）开创性地开展了各种研究，以及联合利华、佩里萨克、sCoA和CFAo等公司的几本编辑书籍、论文或出版物以来）。但 yves Péhaut 承担的艰巨任务一下子就增加了两卷 1046 页！当然，他研究的公司 Maurel & Prom 在 20 世纪 60 年代逐渐萎缩，无法适应海外新的地缘政治和经济环境，但一个多世纪以来，它一直是西非领先的贸易公司之一。它是吉伦特帝国经济的重要利益相关者，领先于两打波尔多酒庄，与其竞争对手（如塞内加尔河沿岸的 Devès & Chaumet）以及欧洲-非洲商业界的合作伙伴（包括利益集团、商会、与银行家的关系、港口的生活、仓库和海上造船厂、自 1857 年以来对石油部门的投资）。但相反，与其他一些波尔多商人相比，这些家族从未致力于政治。 Maurel & Prom 的经理埃米尔·莫雷尔 (Émile Maurel) 成为达喀尔发行和贴现银行 Banque de l’Afrique Occidentale 的首任董事长，并且是巴黎联盟殖民游说团体的联合创始人，并领导非洲部门。佩豪是一代地理学家的最后一位代表，他们在拓宽我们对非洲经济的认识方面做出了巨大贡献，尤其以《Cahiers d'outre-mer》杂志为中心，该书自 1948 年以来一直在出版。在他关于非洲油质商品历史的开创性教授论文之后，他研究了 Maurel & Prom 向吉伦特档案馆提供的大量档案，这些档案催生了这些卷：第一卷，包括四分之三个世纪以来家庭和公司故事的编年史；第二个故事讲述了公司沿着新铁路向东，在塞内加尔各个地区，然后在卡萨芒斯，最后在几个撒哈拉以南地区：南河和几内亚，然后是法属苏丹不断扩张的故事。 Maurel & Prom的历史首先是家族王朝的命运，涉及多个分支。就第一代而言，他们的联系最初是在1830年代至1860年代的广泛联系。然后，与以往一样，第二代人的挫败感导致了严重的分裂，导致 Maurel frères 于 1869 年成立。因此，两家公司成为竞争对手，但也成为一家大型石油工厂以及巴黎或波尔多海外贸易社区的合作伙伴。但那些选择团结在一起的普罗姆家族和莫雷尔家族的成员成功地克服了跨代更新的障碍，佩豪详细而巧妙地分析了这一特征。此外，他还结识了1940-1960年代一位地位较高的海外经理人罗杰·莫瑞尔(roger Maurel)，后者在写《纪念品》时有力地表达了商业革命发生时家族的盲目性。这段王朝历史构成了本书的基石，混合了海外商业和家族企业的主题，极大地丰富了我们对商业的了解。
en Afrique, by yves Péhaut, Pessac, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2014 (two volumes), 464 & 582 pp.,€ 35 (paperback), isBn 978-2-86781-912-4 the building of a corpus of knowledge about a particular part of history requires us to put together the pieces of a big jigsaw puzzle through many decades. the amount of work on the history of european trade in sub-saharan Africa is already impressive (since the pioneering of Catherine Coquery-Vidrovich’s various studies, and several edited books, and theses or publications on firms such as unilever, Peyrissac, sCoA and CFAo). But the colossal task taken on by yves Péhaut adds at once 1046 pages in two volumes! Certainly the company he studies, Maurel & Prom, dwindled in the 1960s, unable to adapt itself to the new geopolitical and economic environment overseas, but it had been one of the leading trading houses in West Africa for more than a century. it had been a key stakeholder of the Gironde imperial economy, ahead of two dozen Bordeaux houses, in conjunction with its competitors (such as Devès & Chaumet along the senegal river) and its partners within the euro-African business community (incorporating groups of interest, Chambers of Commerce, relationships with bankers, the life of the port, its warehouses and its maritime shipyards, investment in the oil branch since 1857). But, conversely, the families never committed themselves to politics, compared with a number of other Bordeaux businessmen. Émile Maurel, a manager of Maurel & Prom, became the first chairman of Banque de l’Afrique occidentale, a bank of issue and discount in Dakar, and was co-founder of the union coloniale lobby in Paris, where he headed the African section.Péhaut is the last representative of a generation of geographers who have contributed a great deal in terms of broadening our knowledge of the African economy, notably centred around the journal Cahiers d'outre-mer, that has been in publication since 1948. After his pioneering professorship thesis about the history of African oleaginous commodities, he examined the voluminous archives given by Maurel & Prom to the Archives of Gironde, which fuelled these volumes: the first, consisting of a chronicle of the story of the families and the company through three-quarters of a century; the second consisting of the story of the successive expansion of the company on the various districts of senegal, then also in Casamance, and finally in several sub-saharan regions: south rivers and Guinea, and then moreover the French sudan, following the new railway eastwards. the history of Maurel & Prom is firstly the destiny of familial dynasties, with several branches involved. in terms of the first generation, their association was initially a broad one in the 1830s to the 1860s. then, as ever, frustrations felt on the part of the second generation led to a harsh schism leading to the creation of Maurel frères in 1869. Consequently, the two firms became rivals but also came together as partners in one big oil plant and in the Paris or Bordeaux overseas trade community. But those members of the Prom and the Maurel families who chose to stick together, succeeded in overcoming the obstacles of transgenerational renewal, a feature which Péhaut analyses in detail and with finesse. in addition, he met roger Maurel, a high-status overseas manager in the 1940-1960s, who wrote Souvenirs as a powerful view of the blindness of the families when business revolutions occurred. this dynastic history constitutes the cornerstone of this book, mixing the topics of overseas business and family business, which enriches considerably our knowledge of the