Experimental infection of rabbit with swine-derived hepatitis E virus genotype 4
Experimental infection of rabbit with swine-derived hepatitis E virus genotype 4
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猪源性戊型肝炎病毒基因4型兔实验性感染
DOI：
10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.01.001
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Zhou, En-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Liu, Baoyuan;Chen, Yiyang;Zhou, En-Min
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）是一种能够引起跨种感染的人畜共患病毒，兔可以实验感染人源性和猪源性的HEV-4 a型和禽源性HEV-3 B型，提示兔可以作为人畜共患HEV感染研究的动物模型。然而，这些研究表明，猪戊肝病毒分离株在家兔中的传染性并不一致。本研究采用兔源性HEV-3 （HEV-SX-rHEV）与猪源性HEV-4（编号为CHN-SD-sHEV）接种后28周感染兔源性HEV-4（编号为CHN-SD-sHEV）进行动物实验。每2 wpi处死2只兔进行病理检查。结果表明，感染CHN-SD-sHEV的家兔在1 ~ 22 wpi之间有病毒血症和病毒粪便排出，血清转化在10 ~ 28 wpi之间。同时，在2 wpi时检测到ALT水平升高。此外，通过在肝脏和脾脏中检测到正链和负链HEV rna，证实了病毒的复制。在一些动物中还观察到腹泻和肝细胞病变。相比之下，实验感染CHN-SX-rHEV的家兔表现出更早的血清转化、病毒血症和病毒粪便排出以及肝细胞病变。综上所述，我们的数据表明，与之前报道的病例相比，在中国分离的猪源性HEV-4可以跨种感染兔子，并伴有长时间的病毒粪便脱落和肝脏病变。
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic virus that is capable of causing cross-species infection, Rabbits can be experimentally infected with human- and swine-derived HEV-4 in the species Orthohepevirus A, and avian-derived HEV-3 in the species Orthohepevirus B suggesting rabbits can serve as an animal model for zoonotic HEV infection study. However, these studies show that the infectivity of swine HEV isolates in rabbits is not consistent. In this study, the animal study was conducted by the experimental infection of rabbit with a swine derived HEV-4 isolated in China (designated CHN-SD-sHEV) for 28 weeks post-inoculation (wpi) in compassion to that infected with a rabbit-derived HEV-3 (designated HEV-SX-rHEV). Two rabbits were euthanized every 2 wpi for pathological examinations. The results showed that rabbits infected with CHN-SD-sHEV had the viremia and virus fecal shedding from 1 wpi to 22 wpi and seroconverted from 10 to 28 wpi. Meanwhile, elevated ALT levels were detected at 2 wpi. Moreover, virus replication was confirmed by the detection of both positive- and negative-strand HEV RNAs in the livers and spleens. Diarrhea and hepatocellular lesions were also observed in some animals. In contrast, rabbits experimentally infected with CHN-SX-rHEV exhibited earlier seroconversion, viremia and virus fecal shedding and hepatocellular lesions. Taken together, our data demonstrate that in comparison to the previously reported cases, the swine-derived HEV-4 isolated in China could cross-species infect rabbit accompanied with prolonged virus fecal shedding and liver lesions.