The personalities of twins: Just ordinary folks
The personalities of twins: Just ordinary folks
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DOI：
10.1375/twin.5.2.125
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McGue, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson, W;Krueger, RF;McGue, M
双胞胎研究表明，性格特征显示出适度的遗传影响。从双胞胎研究中得出的结论依赖于这样的假设，即双胞胎代表了整个人口，单卵双胞胎和双卵双胞胎在可能与所研究的特征有关的各个方面都是可比的。为了评估这些假设，我们使用了来自明尼苏达州双胞胎登记处的三个样本（共12，971名受访者）的多维人格问卷（MPQ）数据，以检查与单胞胎与双胞胎以及MZ双胞胎与DZ双胞胎的11个MPQ量表和3个高阶MPQ因子的平均差异相关的效应量。样本中的单胞胎是参与双胞胎的家庭成员。我们还使用尺度方差比来检验方差差异的显著性。在所有三个样本中复制的唯一平均值或方差差异是双胞胎的社会亲密度（约0.1标准差）大于或单胞胎。男性和女性均存在这种差异。看来，就人格而言，双胞胎与其他人并没有系统性的不同。我们的研究结果还强调了复制在心理学研究中的重要性，因为我们的每个大样本都显示出在其他样本中无法复制的差异。
Twin studies have demonstrated that personality traits show moderate genetic influence. The conclusions drawn from twin studies rely on the assumptions that twins are representative of the population at large and that monozygotic an dizygotic twins are comparable in every way that might have bearing on the traits being studied. To evaluate these assumptions, we used Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) data from three samples drawn from the Minnesota Twin Registry (totaling 12,971 respondents) to examine the effect sizes associated with mean differences on the 11 MPQ scales and 3 higher-order MPQ factors for singletons versus twins and MZ twins versus DZ twins. The singletons in the samples were family members of the participating twins. We also used ratios of scale variances to examine the significance of variance differences. The only mean or variance difference replicated across all three samples was greater Social Closeness (about .1 standard deviation) for twins than or singletons. This difference was obtained for both males and females. It would appear that, with respect to personality, twins are not systematically different from other people. Our results also highlight the importance of replication in psychological research because each of our large samples showed differences not replicated in other samples.