Cultural politics and masculinities: Multiple-partners in historical perspective in KwaZulu-Natal
Cultural politics and masculinities: Multiple-partners in historical perspective in KwaZulu-Natal
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DOI：
10.1080/13691050412331293458
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Hunter, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunter, M
根据人种学、档案和二手研究，这篇文章从历史的角度考察了夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省的多个性伴侣，夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省三分之一的人被认为是艾滋病毒阳性。对男性化、多重伴侣和艾滋病的研究主要是针对今天。本文强调了揭示当代男性气质的成因的重要性，特别是他们产生的性别文化政治。这本书反驳了非洲男性气概是天生的或静止的主流观念，描绘了上个世纪祖鲁人（isoka）的兴衰，即拥有多个性伴侣的祖鲁人。书中展示了isoka是如何在资本主义、移民劳工和基督教所带来的变化条件下发展起来的，书中认为，一个重要的转折点发生在20世纪70年代，当时高失业率威胁到以前的男子气概表现，特别是婚姻、建立独立家庭和成为umnumzana（一家之主）。人们对男性寻求多重伴侣的高度重视，越来越多地填补了男性无法通过以前的方式成为男人所留下的空白。谈到当代，文章认为，受艾滋病死亡人数巨大的影响，男性越来越多地对男性气概产生怀疑。
Drawing from ethnographic, archival and secondary research, this article examines multiple-sexual partners in historical perspective in KwaZulu-Natal, a South Africa province where one in three people are thought to be HIV positive. Research on masculinities, multiple-partners, and AIDS has been predominantly directed towards the present day. This article stresses the importance of unraveling the antecedents of contemporary masculinities particularly the gendered cultural politics through which they have been produced. Arguing against dominant conceptions of African masculinity as being innate or static, it charts the rise and fall of the isoka, the Zulu man with multiple-sexual partners, over the last century. Showing how the isoka developed through changing conditions occasioned by capitalism, migrant labor and Christianity, it contends that an important turning point took place from the 1970s when high unemployment threatened previous expressions of manliness, notably marriage, setting up an independent household and becoming umnumzana (a household head). The high value placed on men seeking multiple-partners increasingly filled the void left by men's inability to become men through previous means. Turning to the contemporary period, the article argues that, shaken by the huge AIDS deaths, men are betraying increasing doubts about the isoka masculinity.