Yemen and Vietnam capripoxviruses demonstrate a distinct host preference for goats compared with sheep
Yemen and Vietnam capripoxviruses demonstrate a distinct host preference for goats compared with sheep
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DOI：
10.1099/vir.0.004507-0
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Boyle, David B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Babiuk, Shawn;Bowden, Timothy R.;Boyle, David B.
羊痘和山羊痘是由羊痘病毒属成员的病毒引起的，并且在全球范围内导致显著的生产损失。为了提高对疾病发病机制的理解和评估宿主物种的偏好，绵羊和山羊接种了来自也门或最近在越南爆发的羊痘病毒分离株。在实验攻毒后的不同时间点采集血液、拭子和组织，并使用实时PCR评估病毒DNA含量，使用病毒分离评估感染性。也门分离株在山羊中的致病性更高，死亡率和发病率均为100%，而绵羊的死亡率和发病率均为0%。越南分离株在山羊中的致病性也更高，发病率为100%，估计死亡率为33%，而绵羊中的发病率为轻度，死亡率为0%。与从绵羊中采集的病毒相比，在接种也门或越南分离株的山羊鼻、口腔和结膜拭子中观察到更高的病毒滴度。虽然在绵羊和山羊的原发性和继发性皮肤病变中检测到最高病毒滴度，但在每个种属中观察到的临床疾病的严重程度因所用接种物而异。虽然也门和越南的分离株显然在山羊中引起更严重的疾病，但也门分离株在绵羊中也具有中度致病性。相比之下，越南分离株仅在绵羊中引起非常轻微的疾病。有限的DNA测序显示，越南分离株的ORF 074与来自中国的几个山羊痘病毒分离株的ORF 074相同，表明可能起源于中国。
Sheeppox and goatpox are caused by viruses that are members of the genus Capripoxvirus, and globally result in significant production losses. To improve the understanding of disease pathogenesis and evaluate host species preferences, sheep and goats were inoculated either with a capripoxvirus isolate from Yemen or from a recent outbreak in Vietnam. Blood, swabs and tissues were collected at various time points following experimental challenge and assessed for viral DNA content using real-time PCR and infectivity using virus isolation. The Yemen isolate was considerably more pathogenic in goats with 100% mortality and morbidity compared with sheep with 0% mortality and 100% morbidity. The Vietnam isolate was also more pathogenic in goats with 100% morbidity and an estimated 33% mortality rate compared with mild morbidity and a 0% mortality rate in sheep. Higher viral titres were observed in nasal, oral and conjunctival swabs from goats inoculated with either the Yemen or Vietnam isolate compared with those collected from sheep. Although the highest viral titres were detected in primary and secondary skin lesions in sheep and goats, the severity of clinical disease observed in each species varied according to the inoculum used. Whereas both the Yemen and Vietnam isolates clearly caused more severe disease in goats, the Yemen isolate was also moderately pathogenic in sheep. The Vietnam isolate, in contrast, caused only very mild disease in sheep. Limited DNA sequencing revealed ORF 074 of the Vietnam isolate to be identical to that of several goatpox virus isolates from China, suggesting a possible Chinese origin.