Phase retrieval and differential phase-contrast imaging with low-brilliance X-ray sources
Phase retrieval and differential phase-contrast imaging with low-brilliance X-ray sources
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys265
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
David, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pfeiffer, F;Weitkamp, T;David, C
X射线吸收成像在医学诊断和材料科学中是一种非常宝贵的工具。然而，对于生物组织样品、聚合物或纤维复合材料，由于其弱吸收，常规X射线照相术的使用受到限制。这在高亮度X射线同步加速器或微焦点源处通过使用相敏成像方法来提高对比度来解决。然而，照明辐射的要求意味着硬X射线相敏成像到目前为止对于更容易获得的X射线源（诸如X射线管）是不切实际的。在这封信中，我们报告如何设置由三个透射光栅可以有效地产生定量微分相衬图像与传统的X射线管。与现有技术相比，该方法不需要空间或时间相干性，机械鲁棒性好，并且可以扩展到大视场。我们的方法提供了对比度增强相敏成像的所有好处，但也完全兼容传统的吸收射线照相术。它适用于X射线医学成像，工业无损检测，以及其他低亮度辐射，如中子或原子。
X-ray radiographic absorption imaging is an invaluable tool in medical diagnostics and materials science. For biological tissue samples, polymers or fibre composites, however, the use of conventional X-ray radiography is limited due to their weak absorption. This is resolved at highly brilliant X-ray synchrotron or micro-focus sources by using phase-sensitive imaging methods to improve the contrast,. However, the requirements of the illuminating radiation mean that hard-X-ray phase-sensitive imaging has until now been impractical with more readily available X-ray sources, such as X-ray tubes. In this letter, we report how a setup consisting of three transmission gratings can efficiently yield quantitative differential phase-contrast images with conventional X-ray tubes. In contrast with existing techniques, the method requires no spatial or temporal coherence, is mechanically robust, and can be scaled up to large fields of view. Our method provides all the benefits of contrast-enhanced phase-sensitive imaging, but is also fully compatible with conventional absorption radiography. It is applicable to X-ray medical imaging, industrial non-destructive testing, and to other low-brilliance radiation, such as neutrons or atoms.