Tracing the Enterococci from Paleozoic Origins to the Hospital.
Tracing the Enterococci from Paleozoic Origins to the Hospital.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.027
复制
发表时间：
2017-05-18
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Gilmore MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lebreton F;Manson AL;Saavedra JT;Straub TJ;Earl AM;Gilmore MS
我们研究了主要的多药耐药医院病原体肠球菌的进化史，直到数亿年前它们的起源。我们的目标是了解为什么在肠道菌群的巨大多样性中，肠球菌能很好地适应现代医院环境。分子钟估计，结合对它们的环境分布、表型多样性和与宿主化石记录的一致性分析，将肠球菌的起源定位在动物陆地化时期（425 - 500亿年前）。物种形成似乎与宿主的多样化平行，包括在二叠纪末灭绝后新的肠球菌物种的迅速出现。物种形成的主要驱动因素包括宿主肠道中碳水化合物可用性的变化。陆地上的生命会选择那些使致病性肠球菌在现代医院的干燥、饥饿和消毒中存活下来的精确特征；预示着它们会成为医院的主要病原体。在众多的肠道菌群中，为什么肠球菌能很好地适应现代医院环境？
We examined the evolutionary history of leading multidrug resistant hospital pathogens, the enterococci, to their origin hundreds of millions of years ago. Our goal was to understand why, among the vast diversity of gut flora, enterococci are so well adapted to the modern hospital environment. Molecular clock estimation, together with analysis of their environmental distribution, phenotypic diversity and concordance with host fossil records, place the origins of the enterococci around the time of animal terrestrialization – 425 – 500 MYA. Speciation appears to parallel the diversification of hosts, including the rapid emergence of new enterococcal species following the End Permian Extinction. Major drivers of speciation include changing carbohydrate availability in the host gut. Life on land would have selected for the precise traits that now allow pathogenic enterococci to survive desiccation, starvation and disinfection in the modern hospital; foreordaining their emergence as leading hospital pathogens. Why, among the vast diversity of gut microbiota, has enterococci become so well adapted to the modern hospital environment?