THE EFFECT OF REPEATED WRITING ON MEMORY
THE EFFECT OF REPEATED WRITING ON MEMORY
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03197222
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发表时间：
1995-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
NAOI, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NAKA, M;NAOI, H
重复书写，或通过书写进行排练，是日本人常见的记忆策略，尤其是在学习新的标志字符时。要记住的项目不像提醒笔记那样作为外部提示写下来，而是在反复写下的过程中被记住。在本研究中，我们考察了这一策略是否有效，如果有效，在什么条件下，实验一表明，重复书写提高了图形设计的记忆，但不能改善汉字、单词或音节的记忆。实验2表明，日本人和美国人都存在这种影响，这表明这不是与标志语言相关的文化背景的结果。相反，这种影响似乎是由视觉-运动信息的编码专一性所解释的，因为重复书写提高了自由回忆--包括写作--但并没有提高识别能力(实验3)。在实验4中，该策略被应用于阿拉伯字母表的学习。最后讨论了重复写作和第一类复述的相似之处。
Repeated writing, or rehearsal by writing, is a common memory strategy for the Japanese, especially when learning new logographic characters. The to-be-remembered items are written down not as external prompts, as with reminder notes, but to be memorized in the course of writing them down over and over again. In this study, we investigated whether the strategy was effective, and if so, in which condition, Experiment 1 showed that repeated writing improved memory for graphic designs but not for Chinese characters, words, or syllables. Experiment 2 showed that the effect occurred for both Japanese and American subjects, suggesting that it was not the result of a cultural background associated with a logographic language. Instead, the effect seemed to be accounted for by the encoding specificity of visual-motor information, because repeated writing improved free recall-that included writing-but did not improve recognition (Experiment 3). In Experiment 4, the strategy was applied to learning the Arabic alphabet. Finally, similarities between repeated writing and Type 1 rehearsal are discussed.