SPATIAL INFORMATION IN THE 3-DIMENSIONAL FINE-STRUCTURE OF AN AQUATIC ODOR PLUME
SPATIAL INFORMATION IN THE 3-DIMENSIONAL FINE-STRUCTURE OF AN AQUATIC ODOR PLUME
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DOI：
10.2307/1542361
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发表时间：
1991-12-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
ATEMA, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MOORE, PA;ATEMA, J
湍流气味羽流在许多化学介导的行为中起着重要作用，但其精细尺度的空间结构尚未被详细测量。利用一种新引入的微电子化学记录技术，我们在实验室中详细地测量了水生气味羽流的精细结构。我们在10赫兹的频率下采样了一个湍流气味羽，空间采样面积为0.02平方毫米，大约是美洲小龙虾的化学感受器的面积。在三维（x, y, z）的63个不同地点采样3分钟的记录。正如时间平均模型所预期的那样，脉冲参数（如高度和起始斜率）的平均值在源附近最大。然而，时间平均模型无法描述的是脉冲的瞬时分布：可以在远离源的地方发现具有陡峭浓度斜率的周期性高峰（远高于当地平均值，远高于平均模型的预测）。然而，在x， y和z方向上，高于平均脉冲高度的概率随着距离源的距离而减小。最强烈的气味波动发生在x轴（烟羽的横截面中心）。用三种不同的感觉过滤器对气味特征进行分析；对数、概率和时间滤波器。这一分析表明，羽流结构中包含的特征可以作为定位动物的方向线索。动物是否使用这种感觉过滤器从气味羽状物中提取生物相关的空间信息还有待证明。
Turbulent odor plumes play an important role in many chemically mediated behaviors, yet the fine scale spatial structure of plumes has not been measured in detail. With the use of a newly introduced microelectrochemical recording technique, we have measured, in some detail, the fine structure of an aquatic odor plume in the laboratory. We sampled a turbulent odor plume at 10 Hz with a spatial sampling area of 0.02 mm2, approximately that of a chemoreceptor sensillum of the lobster, Homarus americanus. A 3-min record was sampled at 63 different sites in 3 dimensions (x, y, z). As expected from time averaging models, the mean values of pulse parameters such as height and onset slope were greatest near the source. However, what cannot be described by time averaging models is the instantaneous distribution of pulses: periodically high peaks with steep concentration slopes (well above the local average and far above predictions from averaging models) can be found far away from the source. However, the probability of above-average pulse heights decreases with distance from the source in x, y, and z directions. The most intense odor fluctuations occurred along the x axis (the cross-sectional center of the plume). Odor profiles were analyzed with three different models of sensory filters; logarithmic, probability, and temporal filters. This analysis indicates that features contained within the plume structure could be used as directional cues for orienting animals. It remains to be demonstrated that animals use such sensory filters to extract biologically relevant spatial information from odor plumes.