On the significance of spring migratory restlessness in caged birds
On the significance of spring migratory restlessness in caged birds
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论笼养鸟类春季迁徙不安的意义
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Czeschlik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Gwinner;D. Czeschlik
笼中候鸟，通常在夜间迁徙，在迁徙季节发展夜间活动。在秋天，这种迁徙的躁动或“祖贡如赫”往往反映了自由生活的同种动物实际迁徙的正常时间进程。在春天，相反，Zugunruhe坚持整个正常的繁殖季节，结束时，只有开始的婚后换羽，几乎所有的物种研究。本文对这种所谓的“夏季祖滚如合”现象进行了讨论，并提出了三个可能解释这一现象的假说。这些结果表明，繁殖季节的夜间活动要么（1）与迁徙完全无关，而是反映了鸟类在夜间进行各种活动的一般倾向;要么（2）与迁徙有关，是由于笼养鸟类无法对它们通常在幼年时留下印记的“家”区的刺激作出反应所致;或（3）与迁徙有关，由于笼中鸟类无法进行生殖活动而导致。虽然这三种模式目前都不能排除，但现有证据支持假设（3）作为这一现象最可能的解释。提出了可能的实验方法。
Caged migratory birds, normally migrating at night, develop nocturnal activity during the migratory seasons. In autumn, this migratory restlessness or "Zugunruhe" often reflects the normal temporal course of actual migration in freeliving conspecifics. In spring, in contrast, Zugunruhe persists throughout the normal breeding season and ends only with the beginning of postnuptial moult in practically all species studied. In the present paper, the interpretation of this so called "summer Zugunruhe" is discussed and three hypotheses are presented which might explain this phenomenon. These propose that nocturnal activity during the breeding season either (1) is not related to migration at all, but reflects a general tendency of the birds to perform various kinds of activities at night; or (2) is related to migration and results from the inability of caged birds to respond to stimuli which characterize their "home" area onto which they are normally imprinted in early youth; or (3) is related to migration and results from the inability of caged birds to perform reproductive activities. Although none of these three models can be excluded at present time, the available evidence favours hypothesis (3) as the most likely explanation of this phenomenon. Possible experiments for testing it are suggested.