Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions in early life presage expression of proinflammatory phenotype in adolescence
Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions in early life presage expression of proinflammatory phenotype in adolescence
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0b013e318068fcf9
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Chen, Edith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller, Gregory;Chen, Edith
目的：生命早期不利的社会经济地位（SES）环境与成年后呼吸道和心血管疾病的易感性增加有关。然而，人们对这种现象背后的机制知之甚少。方法：本研究探讨了早期SES是否预测了参与调节炎症的两个基因的未来活性。一个由136名青少年女性组成的种族多样化队列入组了这项研究。社会经济地位是以房屋所有权来衡量的。采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）定量外周血白细胞中糖皮质激素受体（GR）和Toll样受体4（TLR 4）的信使核糖核酸（mRNA）。结果如下：得出了三个结论：a）生命的第2至3年是一个关键时期：在童年时期拥有房屋的家庭的参与者在青春期表现出较高的GR mRNA和较低的TLR 4 mRNA，这表明对炎症反应的调节更好。B）这些影响不是通过当前的经济环境、生活压力或健康实践来介导的。C）在以后的几年里，社会经济地位的变化无法“消除”这些影响。结论：这些发现表明，在生命的早期，不利的SES环境预示着在青春期的促炎症表型的表达。在某种程度上，这种炎症倾向在一个人的一生中持续存在，这可以解释低SES人群中呼吸道和心血管疾病的发病率升高。
Objective: Unfavorable socioeconomic status (SES) circumstances early in life are associated with heightened vulnerability to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. However, little is known about mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Methods: This study examined whether early-life SES predicts future activity of two genes involved in regulating inflammation. An ethnically diverse cohort of 136 adolescent females was enrolled in the study. SES was measured by home ownership. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was quantified in peripheral blood leukocytes using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Three findings emerged: a) Years 2 to 3 of life were a critical period: the participants whose families owned homes during these childhood years showed higher GR mRNA and lower TLR4 mRNA during adolescence, a profile that suggests better regulation of inflammatory responses. b) These effects were not mediated through current economic circumstances, life stress, or health practices. C) Changes in SES during later years were unable to "undo" these effects. Conclusions: These findings suggest that unfavorable SES circumstances in the early years of life presage the expression of a proinflammatory phenotype in adolescence. To the extent that this proclivity toward inflammation persists over one's lifespan it could explain the heightened incidence of respiratory and cardiovascular disease in low SES populations.