Prevalence-induced concept change in human judgment
Prevalence-induced concept change in human judgment
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aap8731
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发表时间：
2018-06-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Wheatley, Thalia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levari, David E.;Gilbert, Daniel T.;Wheatley, Thalia
为什么有些社会问题看起来如此棘手？在一系列实验中，我们发现，当一个刺激物的普遍性降低时，人们通常会通过扩大他们对它的概念来做出反应。当蓝点变得罕见时，参与者开始将紫色的点视为蓝色;当威胁性的面孔变得罕见时，参与者开始将中性的面孔视为威胁;当不道德的要求变得罕见时，参与者开始将无害的要求视为不道德的。这种“流行引起的观念转变”甚至在参与者事先得到警告，甚至在他们得到指示和报酬来抵制它的情况下也会发生。社会问题可能看起来很棘手，部分原因是它们流行程度的降低导致人们看到更多的社会问题。
Why do some social problems seem so intractable? In a series of experiments, we show that people often respond to decreases in the prevalence of a stimulus by expanding their concept of it. When blue dots became rare, participants began to see purple dots as blue; when threatening faces became rare, participants began to see neutral faces as threatening; and when unethical requests became rare, participants began to see innocuous requests as unethical. This "prevalence-induced concept change" occurred even when participants were forewarned about it and even when they were instructed and paid to resist it. Social problems may seem intractable in part because reductions in their prevalence lead people to see more of them.