An exploratory analysis: extracting materials science knowledge from unstructured scholarly data
An exploratory analysis: extracting materials science knowledge from unstructured scholarly data
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DOI：
10.1108/el-11-2020-0320
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xintong Zhao;Jane Greenberg;V. Meschke;E. Toberer;Xiaohua Hu
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文献类型：
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作者：
Xintong Zhao;Jane Greenberg;V. Meschke;E. Toberer;Xiaohua Hu
由于数字技术的发展，学术文献的产出显著增加，这给包括材料科学在内的各个学科的研究人员带来了挑战，因为不可能从数百万已出版的文献中手动阅读和提取知识。本研究的目的是通过探索材料科学中的知识提取来应对这一挑战，并将其应用于数字奖学金。最重要的目标是帮助读者了解材料科学知识提取的现状。设计/方法/方式-作者进行了两部分的分析，比较知识提取方法应用材料科学奖学金，在22篇文章的样本，其次是比较HIVE-4-MAT，基于本体的知识提取和MatScholar，命名实体识别（NER）的应用。本文首先介绍了知识抽取的背景，然后对知识抽取的三个层次（基于本体、NER和关系抽取）进行了综述，最后提出了本文的研究目标和方法。结果-结果表明，研究人员需要考虑推进知识提取的三个关键需求：材料科学为重点的语料库的需要;研究人员需要定义的范围正在进行的研究，需要了解不同的知识提取方法之间的权衡。本文还指出了未来材料科学研究的潜力与关系提取和本体的可用性增加。独创性/价值-最好的作者的知识，有很少的研究材料科学中的知识提取。这项工作为这一尚未充分探索的研究领域做出了重要贡献。
Purpose The output of academic literature has increased significantly due to digital technology, presenting researchers with a challenge across every discipline, including materials science, as it is impossible to manually read and extract knowledge from millions of published literature. The purpose of this study is to address this challenge by exploring knowledge extraction in materials science, as applied to digital scholarship. An overriding goal is to help inform readers about the status knowledge extraction in materials science. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a two-part analysis, comparing knowledge extraction methods applied materials science scholarship, across a sample of 22 articles; followed by a comparison of HIVE-4-MAT, an ontology-based knowledge extraction and MatScholar, a named entity recognition (NER) application. This paper covers contextual background, and a review of three tiers of knowledge extraction (ontology-based, NER and relation extraction), followed by the research goals and approach. Findings The results indicate three key needs for researchers to consider for advancing knowledge extraction: the need for materials science focused corpora; the need for researchers to define the scope of the research being pursued, and the need to understand the tradeoffs among different knowledge extraction methods. This paper also points to future material science research potential with relation extraction and increased availability of ontologies. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are very few studies examining knowledge extraction in materials science. This work makes an important contribution to this underexplored research area.