Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are vectors for their fungal symbionts
Gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are vectors for their fungal symbionts
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瘿蚊（双翅目：Cecidomyyiidae）是其真菌共生体的载体
作者：
A. Borkent;J. Bissett
蝗科三个类群的雌成虫都进化出了运输大孢子虫分生孢子或相关类群的特化结构。至少对于这些虫类中的一些物种来说，蚊子依赖于接种的真菌作为在虫胆中发育的幼虫的食物。在大多数Alycaulina的雌性中，分生孢子在腹部第9节的明显、细长的口袋中携带。在Lasiopterina中，分生孢子被包裹在第8节上发育良好的刚毛和尾部之间。在Asphondyliidi中，分生孢子在腹骨7背侧的膜囊中携带，并沿着该胸骨的后缘开口。这些对分生孢子运输的不同结构适应性和三个节肢动物分类群之间的亲缘关系表明，每一群与巨口菌样真菌之间的相互依存关系可能在这三个群胆蚊中独立地进化。
The female adults of three groups of Cecidomyiidae have evolved specialized structures to transport conidia of Macrophoma or related taxa. At least for some of these cecid species, the gall midges depend on the inoculated fungi as food for larvae developing within galls. Conidia are carried in conspicuous, elongate pockets on abdominal segment 9 in females of most Alycaulina. In the Lasiopterina, conidia are entrapped among well developed setae on segment 8 and the cercus. In the Asphondyliidi, conidia are carried in a membranous sac dorsal to abdominal sternite 7 and opening along the posterior margin of that sternite. These different structural adaptations to transport conidia and the phy logenetic relationships of the three cecid taxa indicate that an interdependence of each group with Macrophoma-like fungi may have evolved independently in these three groups of gall midges.