Horizontal gene transfer and gene dosage drives adaptation to wood colonization in a tree pathogen
Horizontal gene transfer and gene dosage drives adaptation to wood colonization in a tree pathogen
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1424293112
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发表时间：
2015-03-17
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hamelin, Richard C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dhillon, Braham;Feau, Nicolas;Hamelin, Richard C.
一些最具破坏性的树木病原体可以攻击木本茎，造成可能致命的病变（溃疡病）。为了确定导致溃疡形成的木材定植的基因组决定因素，我们对杨树溃疡病病原体（Mycosphaerella populorum）和密切相关的杨叶病原菌（M. populicola）的基因组进行了测序。杨木特有的次生代谢物簇在杨木和树叶的诱导下被完全激活。此外，与杨木屑培养基上生长的杨木相比，编码半纤维素降解酶、肽酶和代谢物转运蛋白的基因更加丰富，并且表达上调。二级基因簇和一些碳水化合物降解基因具有来自与木材腐烂相关的子囊菌真菌和原核生物的水平转移的特征。木本组织生长所需的基因组的获取和维持以及导致基因表达重构的基因剂量似乎是杨木霉适应杨树木本茎感染、定植和导致死亡的原因。
Some of the most damaging tree pathogens can attack woody stems, causing lesions (cankers) that may be lethal. To identify the genomic determinants of wood colonization leading to canker formation, we sequenced the genomes of the poplar canker pathogen, Mycosphaerella populorum, and the closely related poplar leaf pathogen, M. populicola. A secondary metabolite cluster unique to M. populorum is fully activated following induction by poplar wood and leaves. In addition, genes encoding hemicellulose-degrading enzymes, peptidases, and metabolite transporters were more abundant and were up-regulated in M. populorum growing on poplar wood-chip medium compared with M. populicola. The secondary gene cluster and several of the carbohydrate degradation genes have the signature of horizontal transfer from ascomycete fungi associated with wood decay and from prokaryotes. Acquisition and maintenance of the gene battery necessary for growth in woody tissues and gene dosage resulting in gene expression reconfiguration appear to be responsible for the adaptation of M. populorum to infect, colonize, and cause mortality on poplar woody stems.