Composition Changes and Future Challenges for the Sellafield Waste Vitrification Plant
Composition Changes and Future Challenges for the Sellafield Waste Vitrification Plant
复制标题
塞拉菲尔德废物玻璃化工厂的成分变化和未来挑战
DOI：
10.1557/proc-1193-267
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Gribble
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. D. Riley;S. Walker;N. Gribble
塞拉菲尔德废物玻璃化工厂（WVP）通过将裂变产物作为金属氧化物结合到硼硅酸盐玻璃基质中，固定乏核燃料后处理过程中产生的高活性液体。这提供了一种稳定和耐用的废物形式，适合于安全的长期储存和最终处置。WVP使用来自镁诺克斯反应堆燃料后处理的进料进行调试。这种材料每吨燃料的裂变产物含量相对较低，但含有来自燃料包壳的大量Al和Mg。WVP还常规处理由Magnox和Oxide再加工产品的混合物制成的混合饲料。轻水反应堆（LWR）和先进气冷（AGR）电站的氧化物燃料燃耗更高，每吨燃料含有更多的裂变产物，还有Gd和其他工艺添加剂。混合允许常规地实现在玻璃中掺入25%重量的废氧化物。WVP最近的发展工作方案旨在提高这些饲料的掺入率，以减少生产的废物容器的数量。工作还侧重于提高水处理厂的处理量，以便通过提高进料速率和延长关键部件的使用寿命来更快地处理现有的液体后处理废物。水处理厂今后面临的挑战包括改变处理含铀、铁和铬高的后处理废物的历史存量的流程。为准备退役而从废物储存罐底部冲洗固体也可能产生高钼进料。发展的流程和玻璃配方接受这些变化的饲料组成将是未来工作的一个关键目标。
The Sellafield Waste Vitrification Plant (WVP) immobilises highly active liquors produced during reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel by bonding the fission products as metal oxides into a borosilicate glass matrix. This provides a stable and durable waste form suitable for safe long term storage and ultimate disposal. WVP was commissioned with feed from reprocessing of Magnox reactor fuel. This material is relatively low in fission product content per tonne of fuel, but contains significant Al and Mg from fuel cladding. WVP also routinely treats a blended feed made from a mixture of Magnox and Oxide reprocessing products. The Oxide fuel from Light Water Reactor (LWR) and Advanced Gas Cooled (AGR) power stations is of higher burnup and contains more fission products per tonne of fuel, also Gd and other process additives. Blending allows 25% incorporation of waste oxides by weight in glass to be achieved routinely. Recent programmes of development work in WVP have been aimed at increasing incorporation rates for these feeds, to reduce the number of waste containers produced for disposal. Work has also focussed on increasing the throughput of WVP, to more rapidly treat current stocks of liquid reprocessing waste, both by increasing the feed rate and by improving the lifetime of key components to improve plant availability. Future challenges for WVP include flowsheet changes to treat historic stocks of reprocessing wastes containing high U, Fe and Cr. Washout of solids from the base of waste storage tanks in preparation for decommissioning is also likely to give high Mo feeds. Development of flowsheet and glass formulation to accept these changes in feed composition will be a key objective of future work.