Spaceflight-related suboptimal conditions can accentuate the altered gravity response of Drosophila transcriptome
Spaceflight-related suboptimal conditions can accentuate the altered gravity response of Drosophila transcriptome
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04795.x
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Marco, Roberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herranz, Raul;Benguria, Alberto;Marco, Roberto
全基因组转录谱分析表明，在国际空间站（ISS）果蝇变态期间降低重力水平会导致基因表达的重要改变：与1g对照相比，观察到大量差异表达基因（DEG）。然而，空间飞行的准备程序和国际空间站上的非理想环境条件使生物体受到额外的环境压力，这些压力显然会影响基因表达。在地面上进行的模拟微重力实验，在理想条件下的苍蝇，使用随机位置机（RPM），显示出对基因表达的更微妙的影响。然而，当地面实验重复的条件下，旨在再现额外的环境压力所施加的空间飞行程序，79%的DEG检测到的国际空间站是由RPM实验再现。对它们的基因本体论分析表明，它们是影响呼吸活动、发育过程和应激相关变化的基因。在这里，我们分析了微重力对基因表达的影响与航天飞行所施加的环境压力。使用“基因表达动力学检查器”（GEDI）自组织图的分析揭示了转录组对微重力的微妙反应。值得注意的是，超重力模拟诱导了转录组的类似反应，但方向相反，即在微重力下促进的基因通常在超重力下受到抑制。这些结果表明，转录组被精细地调整到正常重力，微重力加上与空间实验有关的环境限制，可以对基因表达产生深远的影响。
Genome-wide transcriptional profiling shows that reducing gravity levels during Drosophila metamorphosis in the International Space Station (ISS) causes important alterations in gene expression: a large set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are observed compared to 1g controls. However, the preparation procedures for spaceflight and the nonideal environmental conditions on board the ISS subject the organisms to additional environmental stresses that demonstrably affect gene expression. Simulated microgravity experiments performed on the ground, under ideal conditions for the flies, using the random position machine (RPM), show much more subtle effects on gene expression. However, when the ground experiments are repeated under conditions designed to reproduce the additional environmental stresses imposed by spaceflight procedures, 79% of the DEGs detected in the ISS are reproduced by the RPM experiment. Gene ontology analysis of them shows they are genes that affect respiratory activity, developmental processes and stress-related changes. Here, we analyse the effects of microgravity on gene expression in relation to the environmental stresses imposed by spaceflight. Analysis using 'gene expression dynamics inspector' (GEDI) self-organizing maps reveals a subtle response of the transcriptome to microgravity. Remarkably, hypergravity simulation induces similar response of the transcriptome, but in the opposite direction, i.e. the genes promoted under microgravity are usually suppressed under hypergravity. These results suggest that the transcriptome is finely tuned to normal gravity and that microgravity, together with environmental constraints associated with space experiments, can have profound effects on gene expression.